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Excerpt: Chapter 1. Who will be the new bishop? In the latter days of July in the year 185-, a most important question was for ten days hourly asked in the cathedral city of Barchester, and answered every hour in various ways--Who was to be the new Bishop? The death of old Dr. Grantly, who had for many years filled the chair with meek authority, took place exactly as the ministry of Lord--was going to give place to that Lord--....

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Preface: The preparation of this edition of Luther?s Commentary on Galatians was first suggested to me by Mr. P. J. Zondervan, of the firm of publishers, in March, 1937. The consultation had the twofold merit of definiteness and brevity. ?Luther is still the greatest name in Protestantism. We want you to help us publish some leading work of Luther?s for the general American market. Will you do it??...

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Excerpt: CHORUS. Not marching in the fields of Thrasymene, Where Mars did mate the warlike Carthagens; Nor sporting in the dalliance of love, In courts of kings where state is overturn?d; Nor in the pomp of proud audacious deeds, Intends our Muse to vaunt her heavenly verse: Only this, gentles,--we must now perform The form of Faustus? fortunes, good or bad: And now to patient judgments we appeal, And speak for Faustus in his infancy....

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The expedition of Messrs. Lewis and Clarke, for exploring the river Missouri, and the best communication from that to the Pacific Ocean, has had all the success which could be expected. They have traced the Missouri nearly to its source; descended the Columbia to the Pacific Ocean, ascertained with accuracy the Geography, of that interesting communication across the continent; learned the character of the country, its commerce and inhabitants; and it is but justice to say that Messrs. Lewis and Clarke, and their brave companions, have, by this arduous service, deserved well of their country. This volume is the 1840 edition with woodcut images and an Indian vocabulary. They may be viewed by clicking on the text URL. (Summary in quotes by President Thomas Jefferson)...

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History, Travel

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Excerpt: Advertisement. The story of ?Catherine,? which appeared in Fraser?s Magazine in 1839-40, was written by Mr. Thackeray, under the name of Ikey Solomons, Jun., to counteract the injurious influence of some popular fictions of that day, which made heroes of highwaymen and burglars, and created a false sympathy for the vicious and criminal....

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Excerpt: THE PREFACE; If ever the story of any private Man?s Adventures in the World were worth making Publick, and were acceptable when Publish?d, the Editor of this Account thinks this will be so. The Wonders of this Man?s Life exceed all that (he thinks)is to be found extant; the Life of one Man being scarce capable of a greater Variety. The Story is told with Modesty, with Seriousness, and with a religious Application of Events to the Uses to which wise Men always apply them (viz.) to the Instruction of others by this Example, and to justify and honour the Wisdom of Providence in all the Variety of our Circumstances, let them happen how they will. The Editor believes the thing to be a just History of Fact; neither is there any Appearance of Fiction in it: And however thinks, because all such things are dispatch?d, that the Improvement of it, as well to the Diversion, as to the Instruction of the Reader, will be the same; and as such, he thinks, without father Compliment to the World, he does them a great Service in the Publication....

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Table of Contents: THE PREFACE, 1 -- THE LIFE AND ADVENTURES OF ROBINSON CRUSOE, &c., 2 -- THE JOURNAL., 51

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Excerpt: Chapter 1. The Foreigner At Home. ?This is no my ain house; I ken by the biggin? o?t.? Two recent books* one by Mr. Grant White on England, one on France by the diabolically clever Mr. Hillebrand, may well have set people thinking on the divisions of races and nations. Such thoughts should arise with particular congruity and force to inhabitants of that United Kingdom, peopled from so many different stocks, babbling so many different dialects, and offering in its extent such singular contrasts, from the busiest over-population to the unkindliest desert, from the Black Country to the Moor of Rannoch. It is not only when we cross the seas that we go abroad; there are foreign parts of England; and the race that has conquered so wide an empire has not yet managed to assimilate the islands whence she sprang. Ireland, Wales, and the Scottish mountains still cling, in part, to their old Gaelic speech. It was but the other day that English triumphed in Cornwall, and they still show in Mousehole, on St. Michael?s Bay, the house of the last Cornish-speaking woman. English itself, which will now frank the traveller through the most of...

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Contents CHAPTER I: THE FOREIGNER AT HOME ..................................................................................... 5 CHAPTER II: SOME COLLEGE MEMORIES................................................................................ 14 CHAPTER III: OLD MORTALITY .................................................................................................. 20 CHAPTER IV: A COLLEGE MAGAZINE ...................................................................................... 28 CHAPTER V: AN OLD SCOTCH GARDENER ............................................................................. 36 CHAPTER VI: PASTORAL .............................................................................................................. 41 CHAPTER VII: THE MANSE .......................................................................................................... 48 CHAPTER VIII: MEMOIRS OF AN ISLET .................................................................................... 53 CHAPTER IX: THOMAS STEVENSON ? CIVIL ENGINEER...................................................... 58 CHAPTER X: TALK AND TALKERS ....................

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Introduction: Benjamin Franklin was born in Milk Street, Boston, on January 6, 1706. His father, Josiah Franklin, was a tallow chandler who married twice, and of his seventeen children Benjamin was the youngest son. His schooling ended at ten, and at twelve he was bound apprentice to his brother James, a printer, who published the ?New England Courant.? To this journal he became a contributor, and later was for a time its nominal editor....

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Excerpt: I would wish to declare, at the beginning of this story, that I shall never regard that cluster of islets which we call Bermuda as the Fortunate Islands of the ancients. Do not let professional geographers take me up, and say that no one has so accounted them, and that the ancients have never been supposed to have gotten themselves so far westwards. What I mean to assert is this--that, had any ancient been carried thither by enterprise or stress of weather, he would not have given those islands so good a name. That the Neapolitan sailors of King Alonzo should have been wrecked here, I consider to be more likely....

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This issue of Hinduism's flagship spiritual magazine brings you an unusual mix of stories, from the latest and controversial animated film to coping with Cabin Fever, that real-life ailment faced by those living in the tropics who suddenly find themselves living in cold climates where people stay indoors all winter. Rescuing Yoga's Hindu Roots The issue also contains articles on a US initiative to take yoga back from those who have abducted it from the Hindu cultural and spiritual repository, an online debate between two teenage friends, one an evangelizing Christian, the other an articulate Hindu who doesn't think she or other nonbelievers are destined to go to a very bad place for a very long time. There is Arvind Sharma's lofty defense of his choice to be a Hindu, a detailed story on the predictions of 2012 as the End of the World, and Ravi Grover's take on why it's not really right to put animals in captivity and use them as entertainment. Modernized Marriage Arranging Our center section this time explores a new trend in matchmaking. The two models that once clashed ...

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The Agricola (Latin: De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae, lit. On the life and character of Julius Agricola) is a book by the Roman historian Tacitus, written c 98, which recounts the life of his father-in-law Gnaeus Julius Agricola, an eminent Roman general. It also covers, briefly, the geography and ethnography of ancient Britain. As in the Germania, Tacitus favorably contrasts the liberty of the native Britons to the corruption and tyranny of the Empire; the book also contains eloquent and vicious polemics against the rapacity and greed of Rome. This translation by Alfred John Church and William Jackson Brodribb, was first published in 1877. (Summary from Wikipedia.)...

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History, Biography

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The main frame story concerns a king and his new bride. The king, Shahryar, upon discovering his ex-wife's infidelity executes her and then declares all women to be unfaithful. He begins to marry a succession of virgins only to execute each one the next morning. Scheherazade agrees to marry him and each night, beginning on the night of their marriage, she tells the king a tale but does not end it so that the king keeps her alive in order to hear the next tale. The stories proceed from this original tale; some are framed within other tales, while others begin and end of their own accord. Some editions contain only a few hundred tales, while others include 1001 or more stories and nights. Well known stories from the Nights include Aladdin, Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves, and The Seven Voyages of Sinbad the Sailor. (Summary from Wikipedia)...

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Adventure, Fairy tales, Myths/Legends, Short stories

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This is not your typical H. Rider Haggard adventure book yet it is full of mystery and intrigue including a coerced marriage, bigotry, adultery, murder and a buried treasure! This is the tale of an ancient family’s struggles to survive, one woman’s selflessness and another’s evil schemes; Two Gentlemen, two scoundrels and one very underestimated, loyal servant. Listen as the tale unfolds and guess where the treasure is hidden that can save them all! Summary by Esther....

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Historical Fiction, Romance

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The JANUARY-FEBRUARY-MARCH, 2012, edition of Hinduism's foremost and widely respected spiritual magazine, Hinduism Today, has been released in digital form and is now available for free on your desktop. This issue is a wide-ranging trek through modern dharma, so prepare yourself for the journey. First stop is our 16-page feature article: A Survivor's Manual for the Mount Kailash Pilgrimage. Our sherpa for this amazing pilgrimage is Dr. T.S. Mohan of Bengaluru. Sure, hundreds of thousands have make the trip around the world's most sacred mountain, but no one we know of has returned with so much insight into how to make the trek successful. With maps, a daily chronicle and lists with tips and warnings, he shows us in detail why this is one of those rare and spiritually charged pilgrimages. Not to mention his advice on keeping us safe and sane. From the outer climb to the inner, we are taken into the world of japa and mantra. Vamadeva Shastri and Hinduism Today founder Satguru Sivaya Subramuniyaswami unravel the world of sound and its yogic uses, giving plenty of dos and don'ts so this ancient yoga can be practiced safely and wit...

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The following collection of archival and oral historical-consultation records pertaining to Waikamoi Preserve and the greater watershed of the Haleakala mountain lands on the island of Maui, was compiled by Kumu Pono Associates LLC, at the request of The Nature Conservancy-Hawaii. This study provides The Nature Conservancy and its partners in management of the Waikamoi Preserve, with a cultural assessment of the Waikamoi Preserve, as required by State review laws governing The Nature Conservancys stewardship of the preserves natural resources. The primary documentation (both archival and oral historical), was collected by the authors over the period of six years, and provides readers with access to a rich and diverse collection of cultural- historical narratives from the island of Maui. The study focuses on lands situated on the eastern slopes of Haleakala, a region traditionally called Maui Hikina, with particular emphasis on those lands which make up and adjoin “Waikamoi Preserve.” These lands represent some of the most significant native forest resources remaining in the Hawaiian Islands, and are part of a unique cultural landsc...

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1848, Kamehameha III granted fee-simple interest of Kalialinui to a chiefly steward, Kamaikaaloa (Kamaikaaloa), who held the land through the remainder of his lifetime, and subsequently conveyed it to his heirs. Kalalawalu—daughter of Kamaikaaloa and Kealohaaukai—and her husband, Douglas Panee, sold the land of Kalialinui to Haleakala Ranch in 1888. Most of Kalialinui, including the land that became the Waikamoi Preserve, has been held by Haleakala Ranch since that time. In the later 1800s and early 1900s, cowboys of the Haleakala Ranch traveled from the lower Kula lands to the mountain lands of Haleakala via the “Aina Hou Trail,” passing Halemau (Halemauu) and Leleiwi, and through Kalialinui, towards the Koolau Gap lands. The Aina Hou Trail passes along the contour at about the 6300-6400 foot elevation to a place known as the “Aina Hou Bowl.” The Aina Hou Bowl is generally situated between the 6300 to 5600 foot elevation, and noted for a spring which was tapped to feed a historic ranch trough. Lands in this area were used as mountain pasturage by the ranch. The 5,230-acre Waikamoi Preserve was established in 1983 through...

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In this latest book, John Clark, author of the highly regarded "Beaches of Hawaii" series, gives us the many captivating stories behind the hundreds of Hawaii place names associated with the ocean—the names of shores, beaches, and other sites where people fish, swim, dive, surf, and paddle. Significant features and landmarks on or near shores, such as fishponds, monuments, shrines, reefs, and small islands, are also included. The names of surfing sites are the most numerous and among the most colorful: from the purely descriptive (Black Rock, Blue Hole) to the humorous (No Can Tell, Pray for Sex). Clark began gathering information for the "Beaches" series in 1972, and during the years that followed interviewed hundreds of informants, many of them native Hawaiians, and consulted dozens of Hawaiian reference books, newspapers, and maps. A significant amount of the oral history he collected was unrecorded and remained only in his notebooks and memory. Hawaii Place Names: Shores, Beaches, and Surf Sites is the final product of those years of research, and like its popular predecessors, it benefits substantially from Clark's ...

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In 1966 the University of Hawaii Press published the first edition of Place Names of Hawaii. Written by Mary Kawena Pukui and Samuel H. Elbert, it contained 1,125 entries, all of which were place names in the Hawaiian language. In 1974 the press published the second edition by Pukui, Elbert, and Esther T. Mookini. It contained some four thousand entries, and this time it included place names in English and other languages. This edition, in the words of the authors, provided "a glossary of important place names in the State, including names of valleys, streams, mountains, land sections, surfing areas, towns, villages, and Honolulu streets and buildings." During the years that have followed its publication, the second edition of Place Names of Hawaii has become a standard reference in the literature of Hawaii....

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Se realiza en este documento una propuesta metodológica para la ejecución siguiendo un protocolo, de la técnica de autopsia psicológica empleando técnicas pertenecientes a la sociometría conductual. Dentro de este artículo, inicialmente se hace una revisión histórica-conceptual de la técnica de autopsia psicológica, para ubicar sus alcances, así como para delimitar su campo de aplicación y utilidades. Enseguida se exponen algunas cuestiones fundamentales de la sociometría conductual. Finalmente se describe el diseño metodológico propuesto, pretendiendo que esta propuesta sea útil para el trabajo de esclarecimiento de casos suicidas y criminales, así como un apoyo para la labor investigativa policial y la conformación de bases de datos de tipo epidemiológico. Se describe además, el proceso de piloteo que se empleó en este protocolo en particular....

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It is carried out in this document a methodological proposal for the execution using a protocol of the psychological autopsy technique applying social-behavioral and social-cognitive maps. This article initially shows a historic-conceptual review of the technique of psychological autopsy in order to locate its reaches, as well as for delimit its field of application and utilities. After that the article exposes some sociometrics behavioral basics. Finally the proposed methodological design is described. The design looks to be useful for the clarification work in suicide and criminal cases and can also help the police work and the configure of epidemiological data base. The test process that was employed in this protocol is described in the text....

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In this book for the first time we have ventured into the total analysis of migrant labourers in rural Tamil Nadu who are victims of HIV/AIDS using FCM, BAM and Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps. As in our study and analysis we felt several of the factors related with the psycho, socio, economic problems of these HIV/AIDS patients from rural Tamil Nadu (a southernmost state in India) remain indeterminate apart from the data being an unsupervised one. At the outset, we first emphasize that the study and analysis (and there by the conclusions and suggestions) pertain only to migrant labourers from rural Tamil Nadu who are poor and uneducated and who are HIV/AIDS infected. So this study cannot be extended to urban people or rich/ sophisticated/ educated populations of Tamil Nadu....

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Migration acquires great significance in the study of peoples and populations, for it not only involves the merely mathematical spatial redistribution of people, but also because it has enormous impact on livelihood, life-styles, employment, socioeconomic and political stability; or in other words, it influences the entire society. When used in the geographical context, the term ‘migration’ refers to the ‘permanent or semipermanent change in the residence of an individual person or group of people.’ Traditional studies classify migrants under two broad heads: voluntary migrants and involuntary migrants....

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The following collection of archival and oral historical records was compiled by Kumu Pono Associates LLC, at the request of Sam Garcia, Jr., and Jon Garcia, owners of a 5.497 acre parcel of land, situated in the ahupuaa (native land division) of Kaeo, in the Honuaula region of Maui (TMK 2- 1-007:067). The Garcia parcel extends from near sea level at the shore to about fifty feet in elevation above sea level, and the family proposes to develop their five-plus acre parcel into a small subdivision, containing eleven single family residences. As a part of the planning process, a preservation plan is needed for a site identified as a heiau (temple), that is situated on the property. In addition to the heiau, stone walls, habitation features, agricultural mounds, terraces, enclosures, and modified outcrops were also identified, as a part of an archaeological survey conducted by Haun and Associates (Haun et al., 2000 & 2004). The cultural resources are interpreted as dating from the period of pre-history to historic ranching and later residency activities (Haun, 2000 & 2004; and Frampton, 2002, revised, 2004). The research conducted as a...

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MANY THEMES of modern Hawaiian history have their antecedents in a single historic episode—the mahele. In the 1840s, Kauikeaouli, or Kamehameha III, abandoned traditional Hawaiian land tenure in favor of the Western concept of private owner-ship of property, an event second only to the arrival of the Europeans in its impact on Hawai‘i. In the matter of a few years, Hawai‘i changed from a society in which the ali‘i ai?moku, or king, served as stew-ard of the land that belonged to the gods, to one in which he, the ali‘i, or nobility, and the maka?ainana, or com-moners, acquired outright ownership of land. Surveying the Mahele is the second volume in the series Palapala‘aina, the first of which, The Early Mapping of Hawai‘i, was recognized as the outstanding book of 1985–1993 by Ka Palapala Po‘okela, the association of Hawaiian publishers, who honored it with the first Samuel Kamakau Award. Surveying the Mahele examines the work of many im-portant figures, including the few professional surveryors, such as William Webster, whose work in Hawai‘i was as fine as any in the world. It describes the efforts of many missionaries, including...

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As a part of a state-wide program designed to protect, restore, and further the public benefit of significant Hawaiian natural resources making up three existing Natural Area Reserves, and one reserve, all on the island of Hawaii, Ms. Lisa Hadway, Natural Area Specialist for the State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources-Division of Forestry and Wildlife (DLNR-DOFAW), requested that Kumu Pono Associates LLC conduct detailed historical-archival research that would describe the traditional-cultural and historical setting of lands within existing, or proposed Natural Area Reserves on the Island of Hawaii. This component of the study discusses several ahupuaa that contribute to the land area of the Puu o Umi Natural Area Reserve situated on the Kohala-Hamakua mountains, Island of Hawaii (Figure 1). The Puu o Umi Natural Area Reserve (NAR) is generally set within the upper reaches of the ili of Puukapu, which belongs to the larger land of Waimea, though it also includes the upper portions of neighboring watershed forests of other ahupuaa in both Kohala and Hamakua. The NAR was once a part of the Kohala Forest Reserve, whic...

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Most countries and peoples of Europe and Asia are grouped in the spheres of direct geopolitical influence of Russia, Germany, Serbia, Iraq and China. Repetition of relationship (defined by ethnic and religious proximity) between countries from these spheres are observed. Thus there are two Russian (German, Serbian, Chinese) speaking countries - Russia and Belarus (Germany and Austria, Serbia and Montenegro, China and Taiwan). The Iberian and Balkan Peninsulas exhibit similar political geography and history. Important events (e.g. World Wars) occur in couples. In American and Russian history the number 12 is crucial for its understanding (6 couples of most important wars in the former and 12 communist and post-communist rulers in the latter, the events of post-communism repeating the ones of communism). If a (post)-communist Russian leader has the same name as a former Russian tsar or prince, then a repetition of events takes place - the names Boris (Godunov) and Mikhail (Romanov) are connected with the Time of Troubles, Mikhail Gorbachev and Boris Yeltsin mark the perestroika, its modern version. The book is addressed to those inter...

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It is natural to consider the following countries as belonging or having once belonged to the zone of direct geopolitical influence of Germany: Austria, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, The Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, The Netherlands and Denmark. The reasons (except in most of the cases to be direct neighbours) are the following ones: - some of them (namely, Austria, Hungary, parts of Poland, The Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia and Slovenia) have belonged to the Austro- Hungarian Empire, where German was the official language; - others (France, Belgium, Denmark, Lithuania and Italy) have annexed after World War I territories peopled at least in part by ethnic Germans; these were the German territories respectively Alsace and Lorraine for France, the cantons Eupen and Malmedy for Belgium (today they constitute its German speaking linguistic zone), Northern Schleswig for Denmark, the port Memel (Klaipeda) for Lithuania; Italy has annexed the German speaking Southern Tyrol belonging up to then to Austria-Hungary; today this is one of the five Italian regions...

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Preface Chapter 1. Resemblance and correlation between words Chapter 2. Resemblances between different geographical regions Chapter 3. Resemblance between historical events Chapter 4. The five spheres of direct geopolitical influence in the Old World Chapter 5. The rules of the American history Chapter 6. The rules of the Russian history...

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We have used the 2-adaptive fuzzy model having the two fuzzy models, fuzzy matrices model and BAMs viz. model to analyze the views of public about HIV/ AIDS disease, patient and the awareness program. This book has five chapters and 6 appendices. The first chapter just recalls the definition of four fuzzy models used in this book and gives illustration of some of them. Chapter two introduces the new n-adaptive fuzzy models. Chapter three uses for the first time 2 adaptive fuzzy models to study psychological and sociological problems about HIV/AIDS. Chapter four gives an outline of the interviews. Chapter five gives the suggestions and conclusion based on our study. Of the 6 appendices four of them are C-program made to make the working of the fuzzy model simple....

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In this chapter for the first time we introduce the new class of n-adaptive fuzzy models (n a positive integer and n ≥ 2) and illustrate it. These n-adaptive fuzzy models can analyze a problem using different models so one can get in one case the hidden pattern, in one case the maximum time period in some case output state vector for a given input vector and so on. So this new model has the capacity to analyze the problem in different angles, which can give multiple suggestions and solutions about the problem. This chapter has two sections. Section one defines the new model gives illustrations and section two defines some special n-adaptive models and proposes some problems....

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Chapter One SOME BASIC FUZZY MODELS WITH ILLUSTRATIONS 1.1 Fuzzy matrices and their applications 9 1.2 Definition and illustration of Fuzzy Relational Maps (FRMs) 16 1.3 Some basic concepts of BAM with illustration 20 1.3.1 Some basic concepts of BAM 22 1.3.2 Use of BAM Model to study the cause of vulnerability to HIV/AIDS and factors for migration 28 1.4 Introduction to Fuzzy Associative Memories (FAM) 35 Chapter Two ON A NEW CLASS OF N-ADAPTIVE FUZZY MODELS WITH ILLUSTRATIONS 2.1 On a new class of n-adaptive fuzzy models with illustrations 39 2.2 Some special n-adaptive models 49 Chapter Three USE OF 2-ADAPTIVE FUZZY MODEL TO ANALYZE THE PUBLIC AWARENESS OF HIV/AIDS 3.1 Study of the psychological and social problems the public have about HIV/AIDS patients using CETD matrix 52 3.2 Use of 2 adaptive fuzzy model to analyze the problem 72 Chapter Four PUBLIC ATTITUDE AND AWARENESS ABOUT HIV/AIDS 4.1 Introduction 77 4.2 Interviews 81 Chapter Five CONCLUSIONS 167 Appendix 1. Questionnaire 177 2. Table of Statistics 191 3. C-program for CETD and RTD Matrix 198 4. C-program for FRM 202 5. C-program for CFRM 2...

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The new concept of fuzzy interval matrices has been introduced in this book for the first time. The authors have not only introduced the notion of fuzzy interval matrices, interval neutrosophic matrices and fuzzy neutrosophic interval matrices but have also demonstrated some of its applications when the data under study is an unsupervised one and when several experts analyze the problem....

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1.2 Definition of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps In this section we recall the notion of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs), which was introduced by Bart Kosko in the year 1986. We also give several of its interrelated definitions. FCMs have a major role to play mainly when the data concerned is an unsupervised one. Further this method is most simple and an effective one as it can analyse the data by directed graphs and connection matrices. DEFINITION 1.2.1: An FCM is a directed graph with concepts like policies, events etc. as nodes and causalities as edges. It represents causal relationship between concepts. Example 1.2.1: In Tamil Nadu (a southern state in India) in the last decade several new engineering colleges have been approved and started. The resultant increase in the production of engineering graduates in these years is disproportionate with the need of engineering graduates. ...

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Dedication 5 Preface 6 Chapter One BASIC CONCEPTS 1.1 Definition of Interval Matrices and Examples 8 1.2 Definition of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps 9 1.3 An Introduction to Neutrosophy 13 1.4 Some Basic Neutrosophic Structures 16 1.5 Some Basic Notions about Neutrosophic Graphs 22 1.6 On Neutrosophic Cognitive Maps with Examples 28 1.7 Definition and Illustration of Fuzzy Relational Maps (FRMs) 33 1.8 Introduction to Fuzzy Associative Memories 40 1.9 Some Basic Concepts of BAM 43 1.10 Properties of Fuzzy Relations and FREs 49 1.11 Binary Neutrosophic Relations and their Properties 56 Chapter Two INTRODUCTION TO FUZZY INTERVAL MATRICES AND NEUTROSOPHIC INTERVAL MATRICES AND THEIR GENERALIZATIONS 2.1 Fuzzy Interval Matrices 68 2.2 Interval Bimatrices and their Generalizations 76 2.3 Neutrosophic Interval Matrices and their Generalizations 92 Chapter Three FUZZY MODELS AND NEUTROSOPHIC MODELS USING FUZZY INTERVAL MATRICES AND NEUTROSOPHIC INTERVAL MATRICES 3.1 Description of FCIMs Model 118 3.2 Description and Illustration of FRIM Model 129 3.3 Description of FCIBM model and its Generalization 139 3.4 FRIBM model and i...

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My improbable life. Polio, disability, crime, academic excellence, university. California 1968, LSD, Mexico, Federal police India, study music,, study meditation, 10 years of travel England, care worker, Science teacher, meditation host, wife and daughter, death but not yet! ...

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Lunch break, and Mr. McDonalds’s Physics lab is almost full, mostly girls, an’ definitely no teachers. I’m standing behind the front bench, a fish-tank on the right, my trusty assistant John on the left. Grabbing a large goldfish from the tank, I stuff it in my mouth, and swallow. It’s wiggly and a somewhat gritty, but down she goes. Just takes concentration, and a little practice. The girls start screaming. A few break for the door. When things settle down we all leave. Seems nobody’s too keen on lunch. The next day, McDonald puts a sign on the fish-tank. Please Do Not Eat The Fish Just a minute. What really happened here? Nope, there was no slight of hand. The fish truly did go down, albeit with difficulty. However, we’d prepared carefully. Several days before I had a test run, ate a few, and knew I could do it. John went ‘round the school taking bets. The money was more or less an admission fee. I wonder why so many girls, and did they get their 50 cents worth? Gotta smile just thinking about it. Bloody outrageous! By the way, why didn’t someone confront me? The story must have shot ‘round the s...

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Contents ( Colour version includes maps, photographs, letters and diary extracts ) ( Audio books should become available soon ) Chapter 1 First Light Polio, Hospitals, Mystical Insights Crime, Eating Goldfish, Killing Robins University, LSD, California Attacking Police with Frisbee Chapter 2 Turn On, Drop Out Insights into Nature of LSD, Police, Orange County Jail Disastrous Break-up with Parents, Nuclear Physics California, Negative Effects of LSD On to Mexico, Avoiding Police Chapter 3 Mexico to India Close Encounters with Corrupt Police, Santa-Cruz Shootout Stoned by Turks, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Himalayas, Goa Chapter 4 London to Wales to India Down and Out in London, Madeline Goes Mad, Naked Chase Hitching to India, Smugglers Train Hunted in Pakistan, The Valley of The Unbelievers Carry Hash Across Indian Border Chapter 5 Indian Adventures Living with Monks, Music Lessons, Suicidal Mouse Meditation, Adventures in Varanasi, Himalayas Chapter 6 The Return Difficult Journey, Selling Blood, Infested with Lice Life ...

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In this book the authors endeavor to provide the people of the State of Hawaii with a glossary of important place names in the State, including names of valleys, streams, mountains, land sections, surfing areas, towns, villages, and Honolulu streets and buildings. The first edition of Place Names of Hawaii contained only 1,125 entries. The coverage is expanded in the present edition to include about 4,000 entries, including names in English. Individual entries have been lengthened, especially for important places or those rich in legendary or historical associations, for example, Io-lani, Ka-huku, Ka-lihi, Ka-wai-a-Ha o, Moana-lua, and La Pérouse. As in the earlier volume, meanings of the Hawaiian names are given when possible, as well as background information and, in some instances, references that may be consulted for verification and further information. Approximately 800 more names are included in this volume than appear in the Atlas of Hawaii (see References). The difference is due to the inclusion here of names of surfing areas, streets, and buildings, and of rocks and spots for which legends exist. The names in the Gloss...

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Glossary. 1 -- Hawaiian words used in the Glossary. 3 -- Abbreviations used in the Glossary. 4 -- Glossary. 5 -- Appendix. 235 -- Previous studies of place names. 235 -- Sources consulted. 237 -- Sound changes and the need for salvage. 238 -- New names. 241 -- Structural analysis. 243 -- Semantic analysis. 253 -- Words of non-Hawaiian origin and names of streets and buildings. 263 -- Connotative values of place names. 266 -- Names found elsewhere in Polynesia. 277 -- Representation of the lexicon and the grammar in the place names. 280 -- References. 281 --...

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Waiakea, and Keauhou lands. Indeed, tradition also tells us that the gods and goddesses of these forest lands were very protective of them. In olden times, travel through them was accompanied by prayer, and care. Traditions tell us that many a careless traveler, or collector of resources, found themselves lost in a maze of overgrowth and dense mists as a result of disrespectful and careless actions. In the Hawaiian mind, care for each aspect of nature, the kino lau (myriad body-forms) of the elder life forms, was a way of life. This concept is still expressed by Hawaiian kupuna (elders) through the present day, and passed on in many native families. Also, in this cultural context, anything which damages the native nature of the land, forests, ocean, and kino lau therein, damages the integrity of the whole. Thus caring for, and protecting the land and ocean resources, is a way of life. In the traditional context above referenced, we find that the forests and mountain landscape—the native species, and the intangible components therein—are a part of a sacred Hawaiian landscape. Thus, the landscape itself is a highly valued cultural p...

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John Charles Dent, the author of the following remarkable stories, was born in Kendal, Westmorland, England, in 1841. His parents emigrated to Canada shortly after that event, bringing with them, of course, the youth who was afterwards to become the Canadian author and historian. Mr. Dent received his primary education in Canadian schools, and afterwards studied law, becoming in due course a member of the Upper Canada Bar. He only practised for a few years, then returned to England to pursue a literary career, writing mostly for periodicals. After remaining in England for several years, Mr. Dent and his family moved to Boston, in America, for about two years. But he finally returned to Canada, accepting a journalistic position in Toronto. Mr. Dent proceeded to write 'The Canadian Portrait Gallery', which ran to four large volumes, 'The Last Forty Years: Canada since the Union of 1841', and a 'History of the Rebellion in Upper Canada'. This collected work of his short fiction, contributed by their author at considerable intervals to different periodicals, was published posthumously. The stories themselves are delightfully anchored in...

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Horror/Ghost stories, Mystery, Short stories

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Excerpt: CHAPTER I; DEPARTURE -- The fourteenth of August was the day fixed upon for the sailing of the brig Pilgrim on her voyage from Boston round Cape Horn to the western coast of North America. As she was to get under weigh early in the afternoon, I made my appearance on board at twelve o?clock, in full sea-rig, and with my chest, containing an outfit for a two or three years? voyage, which I had undertaken from a determination to cure, if possible, by an entire change of life, and by a long absence from books and study, a weakness of the eyes, which had obliged me to give up my pursuits, and which no medical aid seemed likely to cure....

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Table of Contents: CHAPTER I ? DEPARTURE, 1 -- CHAPTER II ? FIRST IMPRESSIONS???SAIL HO!??, 3 -- CHAPTER III ? SHIP?S DUTIES?TROPICS, 6 -- CHAPTER IV ? A ROGUE?TROUBLE ON BOARD???LAND -- HO!???POMPERO?CAPE HORN, 9 -- CHAPTER V ? CAPE HORN?A VISIT, 13 -- CHAPTER VI ? LOSS OF A MAN?SUPERSTITION, 18 -- CHAPTER VII ? JUAN FERNANDEZ?THE PACIFIC, 21 -- CHAPTER VIII ? ??TARRING DOWN???DAILY LIFE???GOING AFT???CALIFORNIA -- ., 25 -- CHAPTER IX ? CALIFORNIA?A SOUTH-EASTER, 28 -- CHAPTER X ? A SOUTH-EASTER?PASSAGE UP THE COAST, 32 -- CHAPTER XI ? PASSAGE UP THE COAST?MONTEREY, 35 -- CHAPTER XII ? LIFE AT MONTEREY, 38 -- CHAPTER XIII ? TRADING?A BRITISH SAILOR, 40 -- CHAPTER XIV ? SANTA BARBARA?HIDE-DROGHING?HARBOR -- DUTIES?DISCONTENT?SAN PEDRO, 46 -- CHAPTER XV ? A FLOGGING?A NIGHT ON SHORE?THE STATE OF THINGS ON -- BOARD?SAN DIEGO, 52 -- CHAPTER XVI ? LIBERTY-DAY ON SHORE, 59 -- CHAPTER XVII ? SAN DIEGO?A DESERTION?SAN PEDRO AGAIN?BEATING UP -- COAST, 63 -- CHAPTER XVIII ? EASTER SUNDAY???SAIL HO!???WHALES?SAN -- JUAN?ROMANCE OF HIDE-DROGHING?SAN DIEGO AGAIN, 67 -- CHAPTER XIX ? THE SANDWICH -- ISLANDERS?HIDE-CURING?WOOD-CUTTING? RATTLE-SNA...

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Excerpt: Renewal of Life by Transmission. The most notable distinction between living and inanimate things is that the former maintain themselves by renewal. A stone when struck resists. If its resistance is greater than the force of the blow struck, it remains outwardly unchanged. Otherwise, it is shattered into smaller bits. Never does the stone attempt to react in such a way that it may maintain itself against the blow, much less so as to render the blow a contributing factor to its own continued action....

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Contents Chapter One: Education as a Necessity of Life .............................................................................. 5 Chapter Two: Education as a Social Function .............................................................................. 14 Chapter Three: Education as Direction ........................................................................................ 28 Chapter Four: Education as Growth ............................................................................................. 46 Chapter Five: Preparation, Unfolding, and Formal Discipline................................................... 58 Chapter Six: Education as Conservative and Progressive ........................................................... 74 Chapter Seven: The Democratic Conception in Education ......................................................... 85 Chapter Eight: Aims in Education .............................................................................................. 105 Chapter Nine: Natural Development and Social Efficiency as Aims.........................................116 Chapter Ten: Interest and Discipline ......

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Scientia Magna is published annually in 200-300 pages per volume and 1,000 copies on topics such as mathematics, physics, philosophy, psychology, sociology, and linguistics....

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0. In 1999, the second author of this remarks published a book over 30 of Smarandache's problems in area of elementary number theory (see [1, 2]). After this, we worked over new 20 problems that we collected in our book [28]. These books contain Smarandache's problems, described in [10, 16]. The present paper contains some of the results from [28]. In [16] Florentin Smarandache formulated 105 unsolved problems, while in [10] C.Dumitresu and V. Seleacu formulated 140 unsolved problems of his. The second book contains almost all the problems from [16], but now each problem has unique number and by this reason in [1, 28] and here the authors use the numeration of the problems from [10]. In the text below the following notations are used....

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V. Mladen and T. Krassimir : Remarks on some of the Smarandache's problem. Part 2 1 W. Kandasamy : Smarandache groupoids 27 L. Ding : On the primitive numbers of power P and its mean value properties 36 D. Torres and V. Teca : Consecutive, reversed, mirror, and symmetric Smarandache sequence of triangular numbers 39 D. Ren : On the square-free number sequence 46 T. Ramaraj and N. Kannappa : On ¯nite Smarandache near-rings 49 X. Kang : Some interesting properties of the Smarandache function 52 L. Mao : On Automorphism Groups of Maps, Surfaces and Smarandache Geometries 55 L. Ding : On the mean value of Smarandache ceil function 74 M. Le : An equation concerning the Smarandache function 78 M. Bayat, H. Teimoori and M. Hassani : An extension of ABC-theorem 81 J. Ma : An equation involving the Smarandache function 89 C. Chen : Inequalities for the polygamma functions with application 91 W. Vasantha and M. Chetry : On the number of Smarandache zero-divisors and Smarandache weak zero-divisors in loop rings 96 M. Le : The function equation S(n) = Z(n) 109 Z. Li : On the Smarandache Pseudo-number Sequences 111 D. Mehendale :...

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In The 2nd Conference on Combinatorics and Graph Theory of China (Aug. 16-19, 2006, Tianjing), I formally presented a combinatorial conjecture on mathematical sciences (abbreviated to CC Conjecture), i.e., a mathematical science can be reconstructed from or made by combinatorialization, implicated in the foreword of Chapter 5 of my book Automorphism groups of Maps, Surfaces and Smarandache Geometries (USA, 2005). This conjecture is essentially a philosophic notion for developing mathematical sciences of 21st century, which means that we can combine different fields into a union one and then determines its behavior quantitatively. It is this notion that urges me to research mathematics and physics by combinatorics, i.e., mathematical combinatorics beginning in 2004 when I was a post-doctor of Chinese Academy of Mathematics and System Science. It finally brought about me one self-contained book, the first edition of this book, published by InfoQuest Publisher in 2009. This edition is a revisited edition, also includes the development of a few topics discussed in the first edition....

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1.5 ENUMERATION TECHNIQUES 1.5.1 Enumeration Principle. The enumeration problem on a finite set is to count and find closed formula for elements in this set. A fundamental principle for solving this problem in general is on account of the enumeration principle: For finite sets X and Y , the equality |X| = |Y | holds if and only if there is a bijection f : X → Y . Certainly, if the set Y can be easily countable, then we can find a closed formula for elements in X....

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Contents Preface to the Second Edition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Chapter 1. Combinatorial Principle with Graphs . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.1 Multi-sets with operations. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 1.1.1 Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.1.2 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.1.3 Boolean algebra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.1.4 Multi-Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 1.2 Multi-posets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.2.1 Partially ordered set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 1.2.2 Multi-Poset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1.3 Countable sets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1.3.1 Mapping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1.3.2 Countable set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1.4 Graphs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 1.4.1 Graph. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 1.4.2 Subgraph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 1.4.3 Labeled graph. . . . . . ...

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This third series of the Fornander Collection of Hawaiian Folklore, in its varied character, presents valuable features for antiquarian and ethnic students of Polynesia in general and Hawaii in particular. The papers included in Part I, mostly the result of S. N. Haleole’s researches in the work and workings of the Sorcery priesthood, is a revelation of the power and influence of that body over the Hawaiian race in all their vocations, and through his connections with members of the order he may be said to have written with a clear knowledge of his subject. The opening paper on Religious Ceremonies of the Temple came to the collection from Dr. W. D. Alexander, as the contribution of Kamakau, of Kaawaloa, an eminent authority in his day, a noiau (skilled in such matters), and reputed to have been a chanter of Kame-hameha’s court. Part II. embraces historic studies and fragmentary notes of Judge Fornander, selected from his miscellaneous papers, as affording an insight into his line of research work, hence, has little of the original Hawaiian and translation feature of the other parts. Part III. is devoted entirely to cha...

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The mother being faint from unpleasant sensations, and groaning at the time, without appetite for food, they (the attendants) sought to ascertain her cravings. Then certain women came to her and asked, “What sort of illness have you that you hide yourself?” She said to them, “I do not know; (I am) simply languid. ” The women then said to her, “Let’s see; we will examine you. ” She took off her garment and they examined her body while one of the women took hold of and felt of her breasts, which, on releasing the hand, they observed the contraction of the nipples of her breasts, and exclaimed, “You probably have a child; you are likely pregnant with one; tell us. ” One of the women said that she was simply bloated; there was no child. Another woman, however, persisted, “You are pregnant. ” They each asked her, “How many months since you last menstruated?” “Two, since my menses period has passed. ” One of the women asked her, ‘What do you crave to eat?” “There is nothing that I long for. I try hard to eat."...

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Preface -- 1 -- Concerning Ancient Religious Ceremonies -- 2 -- Various Heathen Prayers -- 46 -- Concerning the Construction of the Heiau -- 52 -- History of the Hawaiian Priesthood Called the Order of Sorcery -- 56 -- History of the Hawaiian Priesthood in Olden Time Called Hoomanamana -- 66 -- Explanatory Remarks—History of the Sorcery Priesthood—Divisions and Ordinances—Sacrifice Services of the Student—Divination— Praying to Death—Divination Relating to Houses—Divining Omens by the Clouds—Foreítelling the Weather—The Healing Priests— Canoe Dreams—Adverse Signs—the Rainbow and the Rain—The Excrements—Bananas— The Mud-Hen—Auguries in Relation to Kings —The Massage Priest—the Hoounauna Priest —The Hookomokomo Priest—the Makani Priest—The Love-Inducing Priest—The One-oneihonua—Signs Pertaining to Fishermen— Occupation of Farmers—Dreams—Auguries Relating to the Priesthood—Moles—Favorable Birth Months—Auguries of the Canoe-Hewing Priests—Spear Hurling—Bone Breaking Trading as Related to Agriculture—Ceremonial Functions of the Priesthood—Method of Building the Temple—Some Famous Priests -- An Account of Cultivation -- 160 -- Dry Plantin...

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On behalf of the Office of Hawaiian Affairs Board of Trustees, it is my pleasure to present the 2006 edition of the “Native Hawaiian Data Book”, a comprehensive statistical profile of the current status of the Native Hawaiian community. This data is gathered and compiled to assist community organizations to develop and strengthen service programs and community action projects to effectively meet the needs of Native Hawaiians. Data and information are key components in protecting and perpetuating the health and well-being of Native Hawaiians and ensuring the Native Hawaiian culture thrives for generations to come as the foundation of the emerging Native Hawaiian nation. The information in this 2006 edition of the “Native Hawaiian Data Book” was gathered from sources including: The Kamehameha Schools, Policy Analysis and System Evaluation (PASE); the State of Hawaii Departments of Health, Public Safety, Hawaiian Home Lands, Human Services, Business, Economic Development and Tourism; the University of Hawai and the United States Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. This 2006 edition also includes a resource list for health,...

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Within the last decade, the U.S. Census Bureau has continued to take great strides to ensure adequate representation of Native Hawaiian issues among their various data products. For the first time in history, individuals could select more than one race for Census 2000. This meant more accurate counts for Native Hawaiians, who could now be separated from the category, “Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander” (NHOPI) by being counted as Native Hawaiian alone or in combination with other races. According to the U.S. Census 2000 data, there are approximately 401,162 Native Hawaiians in Hawaii and on the continent. In the State of Hawaii alone, there are over 239,655 Native Hawaiians, representing 60% of the total population of Native Hawaiians in the United States. Population forecasts suggest that while the Native Hawaiian population continues to steadily increase, the population of Native Hawaiians in Hawaii is slowly decreasing due to the increasing cost of living and limited economic opportunities. Along with the U.S. Census Bureau, the State of Hawaii Department of Health also plays a crucial role in measuring the vital stati...

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Demographics. 15 -- Population Distribution By Age Group By State. 18 -- Kauai County Gis Map. 21 -- Oahu Gis Map. 22 -- Maui County Gis Map. 23 -- Hawaii County Gis Map. 24 -- Marriages By Ethnicity Of Groom And Ethnicity Of Bride: 2003 And 2004. 25 -- Resident Live Births By Resident County And Ethnicity Of Mother: 2003 And 2004. 26 -- Resident Live Births Where Mother Is Unmarried By Ethnicity Of Child: 2003 And 2004. 27 -- Resident Live Births Where Mother Is Unmarried By Ethnicity Of Mother: 2003 And 2004. 28 -- Resident Deaths By Ethnicity Of Decedent: 2003 And 2004. 29 -- Resident Abortions By Ethnicity Of Patients And Age Of Patient: 2003 And 2004. 30 -- Resident Infant Deaths By Ethnicity Of Mother: 2003 And 2004. 31 -- Resident Infant Deaths By Ethnicity Of Infant: 2003 And 2004. 32 -- Vital Indicators Of Maternal And Child Health Ranked By -- Ethnicity Of Mother Residents: 2003 And 2004. 34 -- Estimated Acreage Of Land Usage: December 31, 2003. 40 -- Landowners In Hawait 2000 - 2003. 41 -- Queen Liliuokalani Trust Land Holdings: 2004. 42 -- Queen Liliuokalani Trust Usage Of Land Holdings: 2004. -- Lunalilo Trust Land Hol...

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The antiwar of our entire nation is defined as being the army-impeded forces, skirmishing shoulder to shoulder with the civilian population, with the purpose of defeating all non-aggressors, for securing our country’s slavery and dependency. The defeat in this battle is assured through a moral inferiority of our population - the right cause of this antiwar -, the lack of heroism of our state’s citizens, by applying an adequate blundering, using our geographical disadvantages, and the international public humiliation. ...

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The battle and its non-goal. The battle is an ensemble of skirmishes of the subunits and units, which take place in a disorganized manner using armament and fighting techniques, for the expressed desire to enforce the enemy. The battle cannot take place on the ground, in the air, or on the water, in an open paradoxist cooperation with all-military denominations, and using their armament’s procedures with the goal of empowering the non-aggressor enemy. The battle is not the only way for obtaining the miscarriage. The battle’s goal is not the destruction or the capture of enemy’s groups, or the capture and holding on of critical portions of terrain. While in anti-defense, the defeat with fewer forces of the enemy’s superior forces would be done with our old-fashioned technique: ...

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Instruction Notebooks...............................3 Table of Contents .................................4 1 The Non-Tactical Instruction...........................10 Non-Assignment 1. ...............................10 The battle and its non-goal. ...........................12 The principles of non-organizing the battle’s actions. .................13 Non-Assignment 2...............................13 The disorganization principle of the subunits of unpatriotic guards. ............15 The subunits of the other branches of the military, their non-role, and their non-missions. ....15 The non-role and non-missions unsustainable by the other branches of the military. ......16 Not understanding the modern military ......................17 General principles disregarding the non-actions conducted by the subunits of a non-modern military in the inoffensive battles............................18 The anti-defense forms............................20 The non-roles and the non-missions of the fight units. .................20 The non-insurance for battle...........................20 The content of the battle’s non-insurance, its goal...

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Total consumption of milk in developing regions is projected to increase from 164 million metric tonnes in 1993 to 391 million metric tons by the year 2020 – a 138 percent increase! The expected increase in per capita consumption is from 38 to 62 kg/person. The triple effects of population increase, income growth and urbanisation will fuel this tremendous growth in demand. Milk provides quality protein and essential micronutrients needed for nutrient balance in marginal diets based on staple grain and root crops. The production of more milk in developing countries will help meet the needs of urban families at prices they can afford. With affordable prices, poor families, especially children, are more likely to consume the quality protein and essential micronutrients they need for healthy physical and mental development. Increasing dairy production is a major challenge for those engaged in international livestock development. Moreover, there are environmental concerns about livestock production in fragile landscapes, so increasing milk supply should be done in an environmentally sustainable manner. Research can help meet this c...

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Table of Contents About the Authors Acknowledgements Foreward Chapter 1: The dairy industry in a changing world H. Schelhaas Introduction Four specific features of the dairy industry Milk production The processing industry in Western countries Dairy policy Consumption of dairy products in Western countries The international dairy markets Conclusions Suggested reading Chapter 2: Dairy production systems in the tropics P. N. de Leeuw, A. Omore, S. Staal and W. Thorpe Global overview of tropical dairy production Sub-Saharan Africa Asia Central and South America Dairy production systems in sub-Saharan Africa Dairy production systems in Asia Dairy production systems in Latin America Dual-purpose systems Intensive milk production Conclusions References Chapter 3: Socio-economic aspects of smallholder dairy farmers A. J. De Boer Introduction Smallholder dairy farming systems Types of systems Post-milking considerations Technological change and technology transfer for smallholder dairying Background Methods On-farm trials Change, dynamics and opportunities Impact of economic liberalisa...

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The long-awaited third edition of the Atlas of Hawai'i is entirely revised in content and design. It is divided into six sections, five of which are abundantly illustrated. The first contains detailed reference maps with place names for towns, mountains, bays, harbors, and other features; geographical descriptions of the state and the main islands; and an introduction to Hawaiian place names. This is followed by four sections on the physical, biotic, cultural, and social aspects of the Hawai'i environment. Geology, climate, the ocean, water, soils, and astronomy are among the topics discussed in "The Physical Environment." Next the special character of terrestrial and marine ecosystems is described in "The Biotic Environment." "The Cultural Environment" considers the people of Hawai'i. The diversity of the state's cultures is treated in chapters on history and languages as well as archaeology, religion, and the arts. "The Social Environment" treats such elements as the economy, government, and tourism. The sixth and final section comprises a statistical supplement, bibliography, and gazetteer for the reference maps. Readers of th...

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Eo e ku'u lei mokupuni o na kai 'ewalu- I call to you, acknowledge O my lei islands of the eight seas. Located between 19 and 22 degrees north latitude, Hawai'i is the southernmost state in the United States and has the same general latitude as Hong Kong and Mexico City. It is situated almost in the center of the Pacific Ocean and is one of the most isolated yet populous places on Earth. The west coast of North America, for example, is 2,400 miles (3,900 kilometers) from Honolulu, and Japan is 3,800 miles (6,100 kilometers) away. Six time zones separate Hawai'i from the eastern United States. This means that 9:00 A.M. (eastern standard time) in Washington, D.C. and New York City is 6:00 a.m. in Los Angeles and 4:00 a.m. in Hawai'i....

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Preface -- ix -- Acknowledgments -- xi -- Introduction -- xiii -- Kaua'i and Ni'ihau -- 3 -- O'ahu -- 7 -- Moloka'i and Lana'i -- 11 -- Maui -- 14 -- Hawai'i -- 17 -- Northwestern Hawaiian Islands -- 23 -- Hawaiian Place Names -- 26 -- Mapping and Geodesy -- 29 -- Geology -- 37 -- Geothermal Resources -- 47 -- Climate -- 49 -- Hawai'i and Atmospheric Change -- 60 -- Paleoclimate and Geography -- 64 -- Natural Hazards -- 67 -- Earthquakes -- 69 -- Volcanic Hazards on the Island of Hawai'i -- 72 -- Hurricanes -- 74 -- Tsunamis -- 76 -- Coastal Hazards -- 79 -- The Ocean -- 82 -- Water -- 87 -- Soils -- 92 -- Astronomy -- 97 -- Biogeography -- 103 -- Evolution -- 107 -- Marine Ecosystems -- 111 -- Terrestrial Ecosystems -- 121 -- Birds -- 130 -- Native Plants -- 135 -- Insects and Their Kin -- 140 -- Hawaiian Tree Snails -- 144 -- Alien Species and Threats to Native Ecology -- 146 -- Endangered and Threatened Species -- 150 -- Protected Areas -- 154 -- Archaeology -- 161 -- History -- 169 -- Population -- 183 -- Languages -- 198 -- Religion -- 201 -- Architecture -- 205 -- Museums and Libraries -- 208 -- Culture and the Arts -- 211 --...

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Etymologically, aphorism + floral = aph(L)orism, which is a short reflection written on a floral design, or a short poetry accompanied by an artistic background. They are colorful contemplations. Maximus in minimis (Lat.) means very much in very little [max in min], or condensed thought, or ideating essence. They are actually maxims, adages, sayings mostly in one line (uni-stich) with a title, as a metaphoric statement, a breathing momentum that oils our soul....

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Nonchalantly : The wind with its mantle steps lightly. Skin Condition : The Sun has spots too. At what time? When it rains, God cries. Atmosphere : Blue, as the sky dirtied by clouds. Bright : A balcony full of Sun. Natural disaster : The swans look drunk on the fetid lake. Surprisingly : The crow is a beautiful black. Elegant woman : A bird high on her legs. Most powerful chess piece : You are a queen but only in the dark. Medicinal plant : You’re a flower but amongst weeds. Force that attracts food : The stomach’s gravitation pulls me to food....

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Passion.......................................................................23 Worthless.....................................................................23 Tired of you....................................................................23 Tittle-tattle....................................................................23 Talk is cheep...................................................................24 Give the man what he doesn’t have.................................................24 Novel for (non) writers...........................................................24 Desolate......................................................................24 Did I have the pleasure...........................................................24 Sloppy work....................................................................25 Despicable.....................................................................25 Wanted.......................................................................25 Talking in vain..................................................................25 Use caplets.....................................................

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The whole paradoxist distich should be as a geometric unitary parabola, hyperbola, ellipse at the borders between art, philosophy, rebus, and mathematics – which exist in complementariness. The School of Paradoxist Literature, which evolved around 1980s, continues through these bi-verses closed in a new lyric exact formula, but with an opening to essence. For this kind of procedural poems one can elaborate mathematical algorithms and implement them in a computer: but, it is preferable a machine with … soul!...

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I M M O D E S T With the shame Shamelessness U N D E C I D E D Fighting Himself J A Z Z ( I ) Melodious Anarchy J A Z Z ( I I ) Anarchic Melody...

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Fore/word and Back/word _________ 3 The making of the distich : _____ 3 Characteristics: ______________ 3 Historical considerations: _____ 5 Types of Paradoxist distiches ___ 8 1. Clichés paraphrased: ___ 8 2. Parodies: _____________ 8 3. Reversed formulae: ____ 8 4. Double negation _______ 8 5. Double affirmation, ____ 8 6. Turn around on false tracks: _________________ 8 7. Hyperboles (exaggerated): __________________ 8 8. With nuance changeable from the title: ________ 8 9. Epigrammatic: ________ 8 10. Pseudo-paradoxes: ___ 8 11. Tautologies: ________ 9 12. Redundant: _________ 9 13. Based on pleonasms: _ 9 14. or on anti-pleonasms: 9 15. Substitution of the attribute in collocations ___ 9 16. Substitution of the complement in collocations 9 17. Permutation of various parts of the whole: ___ 9 18. The negation of the clichés ______________ 10 19. Antonymization (substantively, adjectively, etc.) ________________ 10 20. Fable against the grain: _________________ 10 21. Change in grammatical category (preserving substitutions’ homonymy): ________________ 10 22. Epistolary or colloquia style: _________...