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This is a book about the reason why Israel was formed and why did the terrorists attacked America on 9/11. This is a book about religion, politics, history and science. It is also about the connection between the formation of Israel and the reason why 9/11 ever happened with the Quran, the Torah & the Bible. It is also a book of religion & science. It will give people an idea of why revenge was the cause of 9/11 rather than Islam. And what does Islam say about terrorism. According to the Torah the Jews believe God gave them Israel so for this reason the world has changed because of so many political and religious actions were taken to establish the world we see today and it has caused many good and bad things for the humans of our world. The tragedy of 9/11 might not have happened if some of the words of the Torah were not been taken into actions by politicians and religious groups. This book will give a different view about the reality of our world with the facts of science and religion + religion and politics. An excellent All in one book on science, religion, politics & the true history of our world....

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The Slovak National Uprising of 1944 is ignored and/or treated as a nonevent in the Western historiography of World War II. The political climate during World War II and the Cold War that followed obscured and distorted the history and understanding of this revolt. The raising of the Iron Curtain in the 1990s removed the veil of secrecy from much of Eastern Europe’s wartime history, and Western historians are exploring the new resources available, but coverage of Slovakia’s story and uprising remains very limited. This work aims to fill some of the void....

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An anthology of more than 50 articles regarding the politics, economics, geopolitics and history of countries in central and eastern Europe and the Balkans. ...

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John Buddle was a local hero in North East England. When he died in 1843 his funeral procession was more than a mile long and thousands of pitmen lined the route to show their respect. He was a self made man who led his men from the front through floods, fires and explosions to get the coal Britain's industry depended upon. This book based on his unpublished diaries tells the story of his life in his own words, the drama, the tragedy, the lives of rich and poor in a way that makes history come alive....

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For those on the surface that bright late spring morning, the twenty five pitmen who had escaped, others from the resting shift, and relatives of those still trapped underground the scene at the surface was terrifying. Within twenty minutes the water was sixty feet deep in the engine pit, the pit where the men were, and by the afternoon it was a hundred and twenty feet up the shaft...Buddle started pumping immediately, but the pumps at full capacity made no impression on the water which seemed to be coming from a vast underground reservoir and flowing like a subterranean river in spate. The only hope for the trapped men was to find another way into the workings. There were plenty of possibilities, but everyone knew it was a desperate gamble; old pits were death traps, a maze of half collapsed shafts and tunnels filled with gas, only madmen would want to go down them, but there was no shortage of volunteers and Buddle himself led the way....

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Introduction A Day to Remember A Century of Inventions Newcastle’s Call The Steam Elephant The Battle against Creep The Deluge The Slaughterhouse The Jarrow Gibbet The Secret Diary An Arranged Marriage Seaham Harbour The Lost Main Line Politics and Personality QED Sudden Death End notes Appendix A Glossary of Mining Terms Bibliography Page References ...

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Whatever one may think about the material reality of unidentified flying objects (UFOs), myriad reports of UFO sightings exist and are well documented in the literature of the study of UFOs. This field is widely known as ufology. The history of UFO sightings and their socio-political context and consequences constitutes the broad subject of this study. It provides a rich site for analysis of how scientists address, both publicly and privately, anomalies that appear to pertain to science. The case study I have chosen to explore is a study of UFO sightings, the Scientific Study of Unidentified Flying Objects, commissioned by the Air Force in 1968 in response to an unprecedented wave of UFO sightings in America. The Air Force selected Dr. Edward U. Condon, a plasma physicist of the University of Colorado, to chair the study. In this thesis, I answer four questions: (1) why the Air Force chose Edward Condon to chair the Committee which produced the report; (2) how the report was a product of the history of the UFO phenomenon and the cultural and intellectual context of its times; (3) how “social intelligence”–or the perception and trans...

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The third world continues to grow in its importance to the United States . Often possessing a wealth of vital natural resources or a geographic position astride crucial lines of communications, third world nations have, in many cases, become the focal point of East-West confrontations . Additionally, the frequent political turmoil and economic crises that plague some of these third world nations often threaten the vital interests of the West . For all of these reasons, it is imperative that we understand the utility and limitations of military power applied to crisis situations in the third world. Land based air power is of particular importance in rapidly developing crises because of its range of action and speed of response . Dr Mets' study focuses on land-based air power in a variety of these situations over the past three decades. Clearly, the subject is important to our understanding of the most effective use of air power. It is also clear that Dr Mets has made a significant contribution to the literature of air power and provides a message that we all should heed ....

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1 POLITICAL OBJECTIVES AND MILITARY POWER: SOME RELATIONSHIPS . . . . . . . . . .1 Crisis Defined . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Categories and Characteristics of Military Force . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Land-Based Air Power Capabilities . . . . . . . . 3 Options in Selecting Land-Based AirPower. . . .5 Notes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2 THE THIRD WORLD ANDTHEUNITED STATES: PROBLEMS, ASSUMPTIONS, AND OUTLOOKS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Problems and Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Blind Alleys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Crises and Violence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Interdependence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Diffusing Advanced Arms to Less-Developed Countries (LDCs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20 Utility of Military Power . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .27 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3 THEMAYAGUEZ INCIDENT: SIMPLE CRISIS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Scenario . .. . . . . . . . ...

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The economy, culture, society, politics, and Balkan geopolitics of the Republic of Macedonia and its people.

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I believe the author has filled a critical gap in aerial warfare literature. Most works focus on the technical or tactical aspects of our profession and medium, but stop short of discussions of the broader nature of war itself. Consideration of war in that larger sense is essential for those who seek to understand and especially apply air and space power in combat....

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The vibrations of one's name are part of his/her personality and are very important in the case of a political figure. The same applies to names of towns and states. Repeated planetary influences (including the 60 years period of the Chinese horoscope and the 18.5 years revolution period of the Lunar Nodes whose definition is recalled) stimulate periodical repetition of historical events. In the books many examples of such repetitions are given. The resemblances between names of generals having participated in the World Wars and the ones between names of enclaves and cities that have been granted a special status are analyzed. In terms of astrology we consider the aspects (conjunctions, oppositions, trines, squares), the favourable period of 30 days that follows one's anniversary and the unfavourable one of 50 days that precedes it and their roles for the success or failure in the context of history. The examples are taken mainly from modern history. The book is addressed to people interested in history and/or astrology....

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During the First Battle of the Marne (1914) the danger was real that Paris could be captured by the German army. The situation demanded a good concordance on behalf of the combined Franco-British staff so that the attack should be repulsed and the front stabilized. The names of the commanders give us a key to at least part of the answer to the question why the allied forces succeeded to defend the French capital. Here's the list of their names: Joseph Joffre; Franchet d'Espèray; Michel Maunory; Ferdinand Foch; Joseph Gallieni; Ferdinand de Langle. Sir John French; The presence of two “Joseph” and two “Ferdinand” is to be noticed at once. It seems that destiny had chosen persons that are placed under the influence of the same vibrations to have to accomplish the same task at a crucial moment. However it should be said at once that the relationship between the two Josephs was the one of conflicts. Thus to be in good concordance (by the vibrations of ones' names) to serve the homeland does not mean necessarily to be in good relationship with one another. The first name “John” has a correlation of ¾ with “Joseph” and the...

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Preface Chapter 1. Correlation and resemblance of names Chapter 2. Astrological aspects Chapter 3. The Lunar Nodes Chapter 4. The Chinese horoscope Appendix 1. Beginnings and ends of the years of the Chinese horoscope Appendix 2. The Cyrillic alphabet...

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LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT: WHAT IS IT AND WHY SHOULD IT CONCERN THE USAF? . . . . . 1 Low-Intensity Conflict Defined . . . . . . . . . . .1 Special Characteristics of Low-Intensity Conflict . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Operational Terms Relating to Low-Intensity Conflict . . . . . . . 8 Future Conflicts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Dealing with Future Conflict. . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2 AIR POWER IN SMALL WARS : THE BRITISH AIR CONTROL EXPERIENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Air Control's Genesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Air Control: From Concept to Doctrine . . . . .22 The Requirements of British Air Control . . . .24 Air Control and Today's US Air Force . . . . . . 25 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 3 THE MOROCCO-POLISARIO WAR: A CASE STUDY OF A MODERN LOW-INTENSITY CONFLICT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Resources and Topography of Western Sahara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Moroccan Claims and Stakes in Western Sahara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

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Russia's economy and politics under President Vladimir Putin.

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In the 53-year history of the United States Air Force (USAF), only two airmen have risen to serve as regional commanders in chief (CINC). During the same period, 74 soldiers, sailors, and Marines were selected for geographic CINC billets. In Once in a Blue Moon: Airmen in Theater Command, Lt Col Howard D. Belote examines the reasons for this disparity and suggests how airmen might improve their prospects for becoming future regional commanders....

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DISCLAIMER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii ABOUT THE AUTHOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ix INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91 EARLY PERSPECTIVES ON JOINT/COALITION COMMAND. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97 AN AIRMAN COMMANDER IN CHIEF: LAURIS NORSTAD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 AN AIRMAN COMMANDER IN CHIEF AT WAR: ALBRECHT KESSELRING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 CONTEMPORARY PERSPECTIVES . . . . . . . . .53 CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62 IMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66 RECOMMENDATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79 FINAL THOUGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83 NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84 BIBLIOGRAPHY. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99 Illustrations 1 Allied Advances in Italy, 1943–44 . . . . . . 41 2 Commanders in Chief versus USAF Generals’ Careers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 Photographs Gen Dwight D. Eisenhower and Gen Lauris Norstad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...

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This analysis of air control examines all three conceptual frameworks. By assessing the validity of the RAF and USAF models, this study finds that air control provides political and military leaders a military strategy for a smaller defense establishment. It also identifies shortcomings and advises caution when choosing the escalatory pattern of the control model....

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1 INTRODUCTION . . . . 1 Notes . . . . 4 2 BRITISH AIR CONTROL FROM 1922 TO 1936 . . . . . . 7 Notes . . . . 13 3 PROJECT CONTROL FROM 1953 TO 1954 . . . . . 17 Notes . . . . 24 4 THE PERSIAN GULF WAR FROM 1990 TO 1991 . . . . 29 Notes . . . . 35 5 ASSESSING AIR CONTROL . . . . . 39 Notes . . . . 46 6 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION . . . . . 49 Notes . . . . 51...

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I wanted to research and write a paper that will provide a culturally based view of social and political change and the strategic implications those changes might have on international relations and, specifically, military policy and planning. It is my hope that this research will give policy makers and planners cause to consider carefully the important underlying cultural factors that inevitably influence the strategic goals and behaviors of nations as they respond to a dynamic contextual environment and interact with each other on the global stage....

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This paper explains why the Iraqi performance in Desert Storm was predictable: Nonindustrialized, third world nations are incapable of fielding a decisive, conventional air force. To illustrate the point, this essay studies Iraq’s performance in the war against Iran. During the conflict, the Iraqi air force obtained all the equipment and training money could buy, but after eight years of combat experience it still made only minor contributions in a war effort against an equal foe. The in- ability of third world nations to independently organize, train, and equip air forces to decisive levels is inevitable. Avoiding large, wasted sums of money fielding a force of questionable value should lead these countries to alternative forms of aerial warfare....

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1 ORGANIZATION 1 Origins of the Ba’athist Movement 1 Iraqi Military Political Involvement 2 Organization of the Air Force 3 Organizational Summary 5 Notes 6 2 TRAINING 7 Importance of Training 7 Public Education in Iraq 8 Iraqi Military Training 9 Foreign Training 10 The Training Factor 11 Notes 13 3 EQUIPPING 14 Expanding the Military in Iraq 14 Growth of the Iraqi Air Force 15 Iraq’s Money Supply 17 Problems of Acquisition 18 Notes 20 4 EMPLOYMENT. 21 Prewar Air Power Balance 22 Start of the War 22 Air Power in the First Two Years 25 Export War 27 Targeting Iran’s Will 33 Air Support of the Army 37 Summary of Iraqi Air Combat 41 Notes 42 5 CONCLUSION 45 Failure of the Iraqi Air Force 45 Limits of Third World Air Power 46 Alternatives to a Large Air Force 46 The Future 48 BIBLIOGRAPHY 49...

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Most countries and peoples of Europe and Asia are grouped in the spheres of direct geopolitical influence of Russia, Germany, Serbia, Iraq and China. Repetition of relationship (defined by ethnic and religious proximity) between countries from these spheres are observed. Thus there are two Russian (German, Serbian, Chinese) speaking countries - Russia and Belarus (Germany and Austria, Serbia and Montenegro, China and Taiwan). The Iberian and Balkan Peninsulas exhibit similar political geography and history. Important events (e.g. World Wars) occur in couples. In American and Russian history the number 12 is crucial for its understanding (6 couples of most important wars in the former and 12 communist and post-communist rulers in the latter, the events of post-communism repeating the ones of communism). If a (post)-communist Russian leader has the same name as a former Russian tsar or prince, then a repetition of events takes place - the names Boris (Godunov) and Mikhail (Romanov) are connected with the Time of Troubles, Mikhail Gorbachev and Boris Yeltsin mark the perestroika, its modern version. The book is addressed to those inter...

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It is natural to consider the following countries as belonging or having once belonged to the zone of direct geopolitical influence of Germany: Austria, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, The Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia, Slovenia, Italy, Switzerland, France, Luxembourg, Belgium, The Netherlands and Denmark. The reasons (except in most of the cases to be direct neighbours) are the following ones: - some of them (namely, Austria, Hungary, parts of Poland, The Czech Republic, Slovakia, Croatia and Slovenia) have belonged to the Austro- Hungarian Empire, where German was the official language; - others (France, Belgium, Denmark, Lithuania and Italy) have annexed after World War I territories peopled at least in part by ethnic Germans; these were the German territories respectively Alsace and Lorraine for France, the cantons Eupen and Malmedy for Belgium (today they constitute its German speaking linguistic zone), Northern Schleswig for Denmark, the port Memel (Klaipeda) for Lithuania; Italy has annexed the German speaking Southern Tyrol belonging up to then to Austria-Hungary; today this is one of the five Italian regions...

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Preface Chapter 1. Resemblance and correlation between words Chapter 2. Resemblances between different geographical regions Chapter 3. Resemblance between historical events Chapter 4. The five spheres of direct geopolitical influence in the Old World Chapter 5. The rules of the American history Chapter 6. The rules of the Russian history...

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This volume is a collection of articles written by Frank A. Gardner, M. D., giving the organization and history of all the Massachusetts Regiments which took part in the war of the Revolution. They were published quarterly in The Massachusetts Magazine from 1908-1918. ...

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MAJOR GENERAL ARTEMAS WARD was born in Shrewsbury Nov. 26, 1727. He was the son of Col. Nahum & Martha (Howe) Ward. He graduated from Harvard in 1748. On Jan. 28, 1755, he was commissioned Captain of the First Company of militia of Shrewsbury and Major in the “3rd regiment of militia in the county of Middlesex and Worcester. . . whereof Abraham Williams, Esq. is Colonel.” Early in 1758 he was commissioned Major in the regiment of Col. Wm. Williams, raised “for the general invasion of Canada,” and took part in Abercrombie’s Ticonderoga campaign, being promoted to Lieut. Col. on July 3, 1758. On July 1, 1762 he became Colonel of the Third Regiment of militia of Middlesex and Worcester counties, continuing in its command until 1766. The episode of his removal is part of the political history of Massachusetts. It followed close upon his alignment against the prerogative party, in the political unrest fomented by the Stamp Act — and it was a summary action, put into effect without notice by the following communication delivered by a special mounted messenger: “Boston, June 30, 1766. To Artemas Ward, Esq. Sir— I am ordered ...

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Introduction: The Patriot Army at the Seige (sic) of Boston Chapter 1: Colonel John Glover’s Marblehead Regiment Chapter 2: Colonel William Prescott’s Regiment Chapter 3: Colonel Ephram Doolittle’s Regiment Chapter 4: Colonel Timothy Danielson’s Regiment Chapter 5: Colonel John Fellows’s Regiment Chapter 6: Colonel Ebenezer Bridge’s Regiment Chapter 7: Colonel Timothy Walker’s Regiment Chapter 8: Colonel Theophilus Cotton’s Regiment Chapter 9: Colonel James Frye’s Regiment Chapter 10: Colonel Ruggles Woodbridge’s Regiment Chapter 11: Colonel Thomas Gardner’s Regiment Chapter 12: Colonel Samuel Gerrish’s Regiment Chapter 13: General William Heath’s and Colonel John Greaton’s Regiments Chapter 14: Colonel Ebenezer Learned’s Regiment Chapter 15: Colonel Paul Dudley’s Regiment Chapter 16: Colonel John Mansfield’s Regiment Chapter 17: Colonel Asa Whitcomb’s Regiment Chapter 18: Colonel John Nixon’s Regiment Chapter 19: General John Thomas’s and Colonel John Bailey’s Regiments Chapter 20: Colonel John Paterson’s Regiment Chapter 21: General Artemas Ward’s and Colonel Jonathan Ward’s Regiments Chapter 22: Co...

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DISCLAIMER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii ABOUT THE AUTHOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ix INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 THE INNOVATION IMPERATIVE . . . . . . . . . 3 THE ADVERSARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 THE PLAN: 3 AUGUST 1990–15 JANUARY 1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 CLASH OF ARMS: 17–26 JANUARY 1991 . . . .28 CENTAF ADAPTS: 27 JANUARY–5 FEBRUARY 1991 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42 ATTRITION WAR: 6–23 FEBRUARY 1991 . . . 59 GROUND WAR: 24–28 FEBRUARY 1991 . . . .63 THE KEYS TO INNOVATION . . . . . . . . . . . 71 IMPLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 80 Appendix A Primary USAF Units That Participated . . . 101 B Chronology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105 C Location of Air Strikes during Desert Storm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 D Distribution of Strikes against RGFC Heavy Divisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 E Iraqi Prisoner of War Comment...

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Includes an opening summary page in all major regional languages (English, Bahasa Indonesia, Bahasa Malaysia, Burmese, Filipino, Khmer, Lao, Thai Vietnamese and Chinese. Beginning with the common origins of Southeast Asia’s peoples and languages, their shared heritage is emphasized through agricultural, archeological, cultural, geographical, historical, linguistic, religious and technological fields. Perennially defined by rice, stability and commerce, Southeast Asia has evolved a common trading ethic and morality influenced by China and India long before a short European colonial interlude. Historically known as a Golden Land, the region exudes a resilience founded in millennium-long traditions that are today expressed through local adaptations of world religions. ...

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Summary Overview: in English v in Bahasa Indonesia vi in Bahasa Malaysia vii in Burmese viii in Filipino x in Khmer xi in Lao xii in Thai xiv in Vietnamese xvi in Chinese xvii if you would know me … xviii Author’s Note xix Chapters 1. One Common Region 1 2. Defining Southeast Asia 7 3. From Trade to Civilization 17 4. Commercial and Technology 25 5. Adapting to New Overlords 33 6. Rice and Culture 39 7. United by Commerce 45 8. 18th Century Consolidation 53 9. British-led Resurgence 57 10. Transition to 20th Century 63 11. Pendulum of Commerce 67 12. Emerging 1930s States 73 13. War and Independence 79 14. Marching to Statehood 83 15. Emerging Leadership 91 16. States to Nations to Region 99 17. Remote Peoples 105 18. Beliefs Systems 113 19. Evolving Syncretism 121 20. Religious Rebellions 129 21. Religion within Politics 137 22. Trade and Worldviews 143 23. Conclusion: Uniting Commonalities 147 Bibliography & Endnotes 155 Index 162 ...

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The first volume of the catalogue in Thomas Jefferson's private collection.

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Philosophy - Moral XXIV Politics 1