World Health Organization : Year 1997 ; World Health Organization, Food Safety Unit, Food Safety, No. 97.6: Prevention and Control of Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia Coli (Eh Ec) Infections

By World Health Organization

Book Id: WPLBN0000088378
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 1.8 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization : Year 1997 ; World Health Organization, Food Safety Unit, Food Safety, No. 97.6: Prevention and Control of Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia Coli (Eh Ec) Infections
Author:	World Health Organization
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago Organization, W. H. (n.d.). World Health Organization : Year 1997 ; World Health Organization, Food Safety Unit, Food Safety, No. 97.6. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
1. Introduction The WHO Consultation on the Prevention and Control of Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)' Infections was held in Geneva from 28 April to 1 May 1997. The Consultation was opened by Dr F.S. Antetana, Assistant Director-General, who noted that in spite of national and international initiatives to reduce the incidence of foodborne illnesses, these continue to be of major public health concern, in both developed and developing countries. Newly emerging pathogens, new food products and food-processing technologies, centralized and rapid food distribution systems, changing consumer preferences and practices, and the considerable increase in the volume of food traded internationally, all present new challenges to the food sector and national safety control authorities. Food safety concerns are heightened by the greater susceptibility to foodborne infections of several population subgroups, including persons whose immune systems are compromised, pregnant women, the elderly and young chddren. Additionally, the enormous increase in global travel allows individuals to be infected by a foodborne pathogen in one country and to become ill on return to their country of origin.

Table of Contents
Table of contents INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 OBJECTIVES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 COUNTRY PROFILES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.1 Argentina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 3.2 Australia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.3 Canada . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 3.4 Denmark . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3.5 Gemany . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.6 Japan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 3.7 Netherlands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 3.8 South Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 3.9 Sweden . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.0 3.10 UnitedKingdom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.10.1 England and Wales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3.10.2 Scotland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2 3.11 USA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 SURVEILLANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4.2 Ecology ofE . coli 0157:H7 and other VTEC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4.3 Surveillance for EHEC infection and related clinical syndromes . . . . . . . . 17 4.4 Laboratory testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 8 4.5 Outbreak identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 4.6 Determining burden of illness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 9 4.7 Communication of surveillance data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 OUTBREAK INWSTIGATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.2 Steps of an Investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.2.1 Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.2.2 Case definition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 5.2.3 Outbreak verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 5.2.4 Case finding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 5.2.5 Hypothesis-generating interviews . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 5.2.6 Hypothesis testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 5.2.7 Environmental and laboratory investigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22