Methods for Aquatic Toxicity Identification Evaluations Phase I Toxicity Characterization Procedures Second Edition

By Norberg-King, T. J.

Book Id: WPLBN0000103767
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 2.1 MB
Reproduction Date: 2007

Title:	Methods for Aquatic Toxicity Identification Evaluations Phase I Toxicity Characterization Procedures Second Edition
Author:	Norberg-King, T. J.
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Ecology, Natural resource issues, Environemtal protection
Collections:	Environmental Awareness Library Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	United States Environmental Protection Agency


Citation APA MLA Chicago Norberg King, T. J. (n.d.). Methods for Aquatic Toxicity Identification Evaluations Phase I Toxicity Characterization Procedures Second Edition. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Excerpt: Fo-reword: This document is one in a series of guidance documents intended to aid dischargers and their consultants in conducting aquatic organism Toxicity Identification Evaluations (TIES) as part of Toxicity Reduction Evaluations (TREs). Such effluent evaluations may be required as the result of an enforcement action or as a condition of a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. This document will also help to provide U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and State Pollution Control Agency staff with the background necessary to oversee and determine the adequacy of effluent TIES proposed and performed by NPDES permittees. While this TIE approach was developed for effluents, the methods and techniques have direct applicability to other types of aqueous samples, such as ambient waters, sediment pore waters, sediment elutriates, and hazardous waste leachates. The TIE approach is divided into three phases. Phase I (this document) contains methods to characterize the physical/chemical nature of the constituents which cause c toxicity. Such characteristics as solubility, volatility and filterability are determined without specifically identifying the toxicants. Phase I results are intended as a first step in specifically identifying the toxicants but the data generated can also be used to develop treatment methods to removetoxicity without specific identification of the toxicants. Two EPA TRE manuals (EPA, 1989A; 1989B) use parts of Phase I in developing those approaches.

Table of Contents
Contents Page Foreword .~..~.........~...~...............~....~.....~~............~............................................................... lI .l l. Abstract . . . . . . . . ..*........*..........................................*................................................*.*.......... iv Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..~..................................................................... V Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..~................................... vii Tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*..............................................*.............................*........................... VI. I. Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..*......................................................*..................................... ix 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Introduction .............................................................................................................. l - l 1.1 Background .................................................................................................... l - l 1.2 Conventional Approach to TIES ..................................................................... l - l 1.3 Toxicity Based Approach ............................................................................... l-3 l Health and Safety .................................................................................................... 2-l Quality Assurance .................................................................................................... 3-l 3.1 TIE Quality Control Plans ............................................................................... 3-l 3.2 Cost Considerations/Concessions ................................................................. 3-l 3.3 Variability ........................................................................................................ 3-2 3.4 Intra-Laboratory Communication ................................................................... 3-2 3.5 Record Keeping ............................................................................................. 3-2 3.6 Phase I Considerations .................................................................................. 3-2 3.7 Phase II Considerations ................................................................................. 3-3 3.8 Phase III Considerations ............_.................................................................... 3-3 Facilities and Equipment .......................................................................................... 4-l - Dilution Water ........................................................................................................... 5-l Effluent Sampling and Handling .............................................................................. 6-l 6.1 Sample Shipment and Collection in Plastic versus Glass .............................. 6-3 Toxicity Tests ........................................................................................................... 7-l 7.1 Principles ........................................................................................................ 7-l 7.2 Test Species .................................................................................................. 7-l 7.3 Toxicity Test Procedures ................................................................................ 7-2 7.4 Test Endpoints ............................................................................................... 7-3 7.5 Feeding .......................................................................................................... 7-5 7.6 Multiple Species ........................