World Health Organization : Technical Report Series, No. 434: African Trypanosomiasis

By P. Dorolle

Book Id: WPLBN0000124954
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 3.3 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization : Technical Report Series, No. 434: African Trypanosomiasis
Author:	P. Dorolle
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago Dorolle, P. (n.d.). World Health Organization : Technical Report Series, No. 434. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
In the field of training and education, and as part of the effort to further interest in the problems of trypanosomiasis, a limited number of fellowships and training grants have been awarded. Two training courses, intended particularly for those working on the problems in the field, were held, one in French in 1964 in Upper Volta and the other in Ensfish the following year in Nigeria. Finally, a joint FAO/WHO Seminar nias held in Nairobi, Kenya in 1966.

Table of Contents
CONTENTS Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1 . Geographical distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1.1 Distribution of the disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1.2 Distribution of the vector . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 2 . Epidemiological aspects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 2.1 Trypanosomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 2.2 Vector species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 2.3 Animal reservoir hosts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 2.4 Other epidemiological findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 3 . Methods for survey. surveillance. and assessment of control . . . . .26 3.1 Disease surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35 3.2 Tsetse surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 3.3 Wildlife surveys . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37 3.4 Problems in surveillance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39 3.5 Standardization of reporting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40 4 . Chemotherapy and chemoproph~laxis . . .40 4.1 Reassessment of existing drugs . . . .43 4.2 The need for new drugs . . . . . . .44 5. Immunization . . . . . . . . . . . . .45 6 . Vector control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47 6.1 Ecological methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48 6.2 Biological methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50 6.3 Chemical methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51 6.4 Comparative costs of different methods . . . . . . . . . . . .51 7 . Factors invoIved in the planning of control programmes......51 7.1 Resource planning and pre-investment sur1-eys . . . . .51 7.2 Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52 7.3 International collaboration . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 8 . Research needs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 9 . Recommendations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58 Annex 1. Known species of Glossina in Africa . . . . . . . . . . . .59 Annex 2 . Classification of trypanosomes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60 Annex 3 . Indirect fluorescent antibody test using dried blood samples .................................64. Anuex 4 . Double-diffusion technique for determining IgM in serum and CSF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65 Annex 5. SingIe-diffusion rechniquef or determining IgM in serum . . .66 Annex 6 . Single-diffusion techni~ue for determining I N in dried blood samples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68 Annex 7 . Proposed form for annual reportins of rn-aanosomiasis cases . .68 Annex 8 . Drugs used against African trypanosomiasis in man . . . . .70 Annex 9 . Drugs used against African tr~~panosomiasiins domesic animals...................71 Annex 10. Structural formulae and chemical names of tn;i, anocides . . .72 Annex 11. Trade names of some preparations of tnpanocides . . . . . .74 Annex 12. Cross-resistance of trypanosome strains to drugs . . . . . .78