World Health Organization : Technical Report Series, No. 640: World Health Organization Technical Report Series, No. 640 ; World Health Organization Expert Committee on Malaria

By E. G. Beausoleil

Book Id: WPLBN0000166684
Format Type: PDF eBook:
File Size: 3.00 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization : Technical Report Series, No. 640: World Health Organization Technical Report Series, No. 640 ; World Health Organization Expert Committee on Malaria
Author:	E. G. Beausoleil
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago G. Beausolei, B. E. (n.d.). World Health Organization : Technical Report Series, No. 640. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
The WHO Expert Committee on Malaria met in Geneva from 20 February to 1 March 1979. The meeting was opened on behalf of the Director-General by Dr I. D. Ladnyi, Assistant Director-General, who pointed out that, although in 1978 the general trend was towards a reduction in the number of malaria cases in some countries, the unchanged endemic levels in Africa south of the Sahara, the resurgence of the disease in other parts of the world, the financial difficulties faced by countries in providing health facilities for their populations, and the technical problems such as insecticide and drug resistance, require vigorous action to ensure the implementation of the revised strategy of malaria eradication adopted by the Twentysecond World Health Assembly in 1969 (I). Those difficulties had resulted in a reorientation of the WHO malaria control strategy and the new strategy (2) thus developed was endorsed by the Thirty-first World Health Assembly in resolution WHA31.45 (3). The new overall strategy stressed the absolute need for political decisions and included a number of basic principles for the implementation of malaria control. The main task of the Expert Committee was therefore to provide guidelines-particularly for the health administrator and health planner-n how to plan, implement, and evaluate malaria control programmes at the present juncture. Later, Dr H. Mahler, Director-General, attending the meeting, stressed the significance of the development of the primary health care concept (4) and of the inclusion of curative and preventive services, including control of infectious diseases, in the framework of primary health care.

Table of Contents
CONTENTS Page Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 I . Approach to malaria control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 I Malaria situation analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1 . 1 . 1 The malaria control situation and its present constraints . . . . 10 1.2 Implementation of the revised antimalaria strategy . . . . . . . . . . . 12 1.3 Definition and justification of objectives of a malaria control programme . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1.4 Planning of control programmes and factors conditioning it . . . . . . . 15 1 . 4.1 Tactical variants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 1 . 4.2 Epidemiological factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 1 . 4.3 Operational factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1 . 4.4 Socioeconomic factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 1.4.5 Use of antimalaria measures in different situation . . . . . . . 21 1 . 5 Programme implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 1.5.1 Definition of targets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 1 . 5.2 Interrelationship of the malaria services. the general health services. and the community . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 1 . 5.3 Programme implementation in relation to the tactical variants . 25 1.6 Programme evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 1 . 6.1 General principles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 1.6.2 Operational and epidemiological crit~:ria . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 1.6.3 Socioeconomic indicators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2 . Forecasting. prevention. and control of epidemics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.1 Factors determining malaria epidemics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2.2 Outbreaks of malaria during eradication or control campaigns . . . . . 36 2.3 Forecasting and detection of malaria epidemics . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 2.4 Control of epidemics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 3 . Training in malaria control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 4 . Research in malaria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 4.1 Advances in the development of antimalaria measures and their potential value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.1.1 Antimalarial drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 4.1.2 Immunological methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 4.1.3 Antimosquito measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 4.1.4 Biological and genetic approaches to vector control . . . . . . 50