World Health Organization Publication : Year 2002 ; Issue 9241562420: Strategic Approaches to the Prevention of HIV Infection in Infants

By James Mcintyre

Book Id: WPLBN0000167313
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 0.4 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization Publication : Year 2002 ; Issue 9241562420: Strategic Approaches to the Prevention of HIV Infection in Infants
Author:	James Mcintyre
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago Mcintyre, J. (n.d.). World Health Organization Publication : Year 2002 ; Issue 9241562420. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
WHO convened a meeting in Morges, Switzerland, from 20 to 22 March 2002 to discuss the expected contribution of various programme approaches to preventing HIV infection in infants in different epidemiological situations and service delivery settings and to provide guidance to WHO on priority areas of work it should address to optimize its contribution to global efforts in this area. The participants emphasized that a comprehensive approach was required to reach the goals specified in the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS of the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS: reducing the proportion of infants infected with HIV by 20 % by 2005 and by 50 % by 2010. They confirmed a strategic approach that includes : ? primary prevention of HIV infection; ? preventing unintended pregnancies among HIV-infected women; ? preventing HIV transmission from HIV-infected women to their children; and ? providing care for HIV-infected mothers and their infants. This strategic approach recognizes the importance of primary prevention in efforts to reach the goals of the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS. The participants agreed that preventing HIV infection in women represents an efficient way of preventing secondary transmission to infants and provides several other important benefits to the population at large. They reflected that infants are exposed to the mother-to-child transmission of HIV as a consequence of failure to make the most of previous opportunities to protect women and their partners from infection. However, women who become infected despite prevention efforts need access to a range of care and support services, including reproductive health services and services to prevent the transmission of HIV to their infants. This approach also acknowledges that preventing unintended pregnancies among HIV-infected women could contribute significantly to preventing HIV infection in infants. This component, which is currently often overlooked, requires strengthening family planning programmes, especially in high-prevalence settings, providing family planning clients access to HIV testing and counselling services and supporting HIV-infected women in making informed choices about their reproductive lives.

Table of Contents
Contents Executive summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 2. An evolving policy framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.1 Adapting United Nations policy to rapidly changing knowledge : . . . . . . . 4 HIV transmission through breastfeeding 2.2 New prospects : antiretroviral drugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 2.3 Combining interventions: the three-pronged strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 3. The need for a comprehensive approach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.1 Balancing priorities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3.2 Programme experiences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 4. The elements of a comprehensive strategy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.1 Primary prevention of HIV infection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 4.2 Preventing unintended pregnancy among HIV-infected women . . . . . . . 10 4.3 Preventing HIV transmission from HIV-infected women to their infants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 4.4 Care for HIV-infected mothers and their children . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 5. Priority lines of action for WHO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.1 Key functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5.2 Specific actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 6. Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Annex 1. Agenda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Annex 2. Participants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21