World Health Organization Publication : Year 2004 ; Issue 9241591528: Evidence for Action ; Effectiveness of Community-Based Outreach in Preventing HIV/AIDS among Injecting Drug Users

By World Health Organization

Book Id: WPLBN0000186218
Format Type: PDF eBook:
File Size: 0.3 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization Publication : Year 2004 ; Issue 9241591528: Evidence for Action ; Effectiveness of Community-Based Outreach in Preventing HIV/AIDS among Injecting Drug Users
Author:	World Health Organization
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago Health Organization, B. W. (n.d.). World Health Organization Publication : Year 2004 ; Issue 9241591528. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
This publication focuses on one component of a comprehensive HIV prevention programme: community- based outreach. Since the HIV epidemic began, community-based outreach has been a feasible and effective public health strategy to reach hard-to-reach, hidden and out-of-treatment IDU populations, to provide them with the means to change their behaviour and to reduce their risks for acquiring or transmitting HIV. Additional publications on evidence for action in preventing HIV in IDUs focus on the effectiveness of other components of a comprehensive HIV prevention programme, such as sterile needles and syringe access and drug dependence treatment in preventing HIV infection among IDUs.

Table of Contents
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Executive summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1.1. Aims and scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1.2. Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1.3. Methods for reviewing literature on community-based outreach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 1.4. Definition of key terms and concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 2. Objectives and rationale for community-based outreach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 2.1. Objectives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 2.2. Rationale for outreach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 3. Description of community-based outreach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 4. Evolution, diffusion and adaptation of outreach models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 4.1. Models of intervention delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 5. Evidence of the effectiveness of community-based outreach . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 5.1. Is outreach an effective strategy for reaching the at-risk populations? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 5.2. Is outreach work associated with decreasing risk behaviour and increasing protective behaviour among IDUs? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 5.3. Is outreach work associated with lower rates of HIV infection among IDUs ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 5.4. Interpreting and summarizing the evidence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 6. Feasibility and sustainability in resource-constrained settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 6.1. Resources to support outreach programmes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 6.2. Risks related to outreach work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25 6.3. Generalizability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 6.4. Case studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 Discussion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27 Annex 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28 Annex 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34 Additional reading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39