A Helmholtz Free Energy Formulation of the Thermodynamic Properties of 'The Mixture : Water + Ammonia

By Tillner-Roth, Reiner

Book Id: WPLBN0000659976
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Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	A Helmholtz Free Energy Formulation of the Thermodynamic Properties of 'The Mixture : Water + Ammonia
Author:	Tillner-Roth, Reiner
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Technology., Reference materials, Technology and literature
Collections:	Techonology eBook Collection
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Citation APA MLA Chicago Tillner Roth, B. R. (n.d.). A Helmholtz Free Energy Formulation of the Thermodynamic Properties of 'The Mixture : Water + Ammonia. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Technical Reference Publication

Excerpt
Introduction: The mixture (water + ammonia) is an important working fluid in absorption-refrigeration cycles. Recently, this mixture has also been considered as a working fluid in future power generation plants based on the Kalina cycle. For design and simulation of such machinery, an accurate description of the thermodynamic properties of the mixture (water + ammonia) for a wide range of pressure, temperature, and composition is needed.

Table of Contents
Contents 2. Coefficients of the reducing functions Eqs. (9) 1. introduction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 and (lo), and thc dcparturc function, Eq. (13). ... 2. The Fundamental Equation of State ............ 65 3. Relations between the reduced Helmholtz free 2.1 Ideal-Gas Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 energy and thermodynamic properties. .......... 2.2 The Residual Part of the Helmholtz Free 4. Saturation properties of {water+amrnonia) ...... Energy. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 5. Properties of (water+ammoniaj in the *ne-~hase 3. The Database.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 region . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4. The Optimization Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 5. Discussion.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 List of Figures 5.1. Vapor and Liquid Compositions. .......... 69 Distribution of selected (p,T,x) and (p,T,x,y) 5.2. Saturated Liquid Density. ................ 69 data ...................................... 5.3. Caloric Properties of the Saturated Liquid. . . 70 2. Distribution of selected experimental data in the 5.4. Pressure and Density at the Solid-Liquid- single-phase regions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vapor Boundary. ....................... 72 3. Distribution of selected saturated liquid densities, 5.5. The Two-Phase. Enve.10~~at. High enlllalpies aid isubaic llrdl cayaci(ias. ......... Temperatures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72 4. Deviations between ]iquid mole fractions and 5.6. Properties of the Compressed Liquid. ....... 73 values from Eq. (1). ........................ 5.7. .......... 73 5. Deviations he.tween vapor mole fractions y and 5.8. The Supercritical Region. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74 values from Eq. (1). ........................ 6. Conclusions.. .............................. 74 6. Distribution coefficient of ammonia in dilute 7. Acknowledgments.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8. Appendices.. .............................. 75 7. Deviations between saturated liquid densities 8.1. Appendix A: Linearization of VLE Data.. ... 75 and values from Eq. (1). ..................... 8.2. Appendix B: Tables of Thermodynamic 8. Deviations between saturated liquid enthalpies Properties. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76 and values from Eq. (1). ..................... 9. References. ................................ 76 g. Deviations between isobaric heat capacities and values from Eq. (1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . List of Tables 10. Equilibrium pressures and satt~ratecl liquid 1. Coefficients of the ideal-gas part of the Helmholtz densities at the solid-liquid-vapor boundary from free energy, Eq. (5). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65 Eq. (1). ................................... 1 I. Dew-bubble curves and coexisting densities at 01998 by the U.S. Secretary of Commerce on behalf of the United States. high temperatures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . All rights reserved. This copyright is assigned to the American Institute of physics and the American Chemical Society. Reprints available from ACS; see Reprints List at back of issue. Author to whom correspondence should be sent; Permanent address: Univetsitit Hannover, institut fiir Thermodynamik, Callinstrasse 36, 30167 Hannover, ~ermany. ~nthal~yanendt ropy on the two-phase boundary at high temperatures. ........................ Deviations between liquid densities and values from Eq. (6). .............................. Molar excess enthalpy gEi n the liquid. ........