Analysis of the Acid Deposition and Ozone Control Act (S. 172)

By Environmental Protection Agency

Book Id: WPLBN0000019686
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 3.1 MB
Reproduction Date: 2007

Title:	Analysis of the Acid Deposition and Ozone Control Act (S. 172)
Author:	Environmental Protection Agency
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Ecology, Natural resource issues, Environemtal protection
Collections:	Environmental Awareness Library Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	United States Environmental Protection Agency


Citation APA MLA Chicago Agency, E. P. (n.d.). Analysis of the Acid Deposition and Ozone Control Act (S. 172). Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Excerpt: Executive Summary This document, developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in response to a Congressional request, analyzes the environmental impacts, costs, and benefits of Senate Bill 172 (S. 172). The bill, entitled the Acid Deposition and Ozone Control Act, is designed to address multiple regional and national-scale health and environmental impacts associated with emissions from power generation.

Table of Contents
Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v 1. Introduction: Continued Environmental and Human Health Concerns . .1 1.1 Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1.2 Progress Using the Cap-and-Trade Mechanism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 1.3 Increasing Concerns for Multiple Effects of Emissions from Power Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 2. The Proposed Legislation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 2.1 Brief History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 2.2 Provisions of the Acid Deposition and Ozone Control Act (S. 172) . . . . . . . . . .7 2.3 Summary of the Findings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 3. Analysis of the Emissions and Costs of S. 172 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 3.1 Scenarios Analyzed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 3.2 Analysis of Emissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Geographic Distribution of SO2 Emission Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Geographic Distribution of NOX Emission Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Annual Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Ozone Season Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 3.3 Scenario Analysis: Control Technology Changes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Control Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Predicted Control Responses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 3.4 Analysis of Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 Comparison of Emissions under the NOX SIP Call with Emissions under S. 172 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Monitoring Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 Mercury Related Issues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26 4. Analysis of the Environmental and Human Health Consequences of S. 172 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 4.1 Air Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Sulfur Deposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Nitrogen Deposition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29 Concentrations of PM2.5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Visibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32 Ozone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36 Table of Contents