Water Treatment Technology Feasibility Support Document for Chemical Contaminants; In Support of Epa Six-Year Review of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations

By Environmental Protection Agency

Book Id: WPLBN0000054074
Format Type: PDF eBook:
File Size: 0.4 MB
Reproduction Date: 2007

Title:	Water Treatment Technology Feasibility Support Document for Chemical Contaminants; In Support of Epa Six-Year Review of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations
Author:	Environmental Protection Agency
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Ecology, Natural resource issues, Environemtal protection
Collections:	Environmental Awareness Library Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	United States Environmental Protection Agency


Citation APA MLA Chicago Protection Agency, B. E. (n.d.). Water Treatment Technology Feasibility Support Document for Chemical Contaminants; In Support of Epa Six-Year Review of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Excerpt: This water treatment technology feasibility support document summarizes available treatment feasibility information in support of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) review of National Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWRs). A review of NPDWRs is required at least once every six years under section 1412(b)(9) of the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), as amended in 1996. The 1996 to 2002 Six-Year Review of NPDWRs addresses 68 regulated chemical contaminants (i.e., most of the chemical contaminants regulated prior to 1996), in addition to the Total Coliform Rule (TCR). This document supports EPA's review decisions on the chemical contaminants, but it does not address the TCR review decision, which is documented separately.

Table of Contents
TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . v I. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 II. Treatment Reviews for MCL-type Standards for Which Health Risk Assessments Were Completed or Anticipated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 A. Beryllium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 B. Chromium (Total) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. Treatment technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2. Additional information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 3. Potential in-place treatment modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 4. Potential chromium treatment research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 C. Fluoride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 1. Treatment technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2. Potential in-place treatment modifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 3. Potential fluoride treatment research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 D. Oxamyl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 E. Picloram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 III. Treatment Review for Chemical Contaminants Regulated by Treatment Technique (TT) Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 A. Acrylamide and Epichlorohydrin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 B. Lead and Copper Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 IV. Chemical Contaminants With MCLs Limited by Analytical Feasibility . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 A. Volatile Organic Contaminants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 1. Benzene, Carbon Tetrachloride, 1, 2-dichloroethane, and Trichloroethylene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2. 1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3. Dichloromethane (Methylene Chloride) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 4. 1,2-Dichloropropane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 5. Tetrachloroethylene (Perc) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 B. Other Contaminants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 1. Chlordane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2. Heptachlor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 3. Heptachlor Epoxide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 4. Hexachlorobenzene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 5. Thallium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 6. Toxaphene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 7. 1,1,2-Trichloroethane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .