Proposed Arsenic in Drinking Water Rule Regulatory Impact Analysis

By Bennett, John B.

Book Id: WPLBN0000064014
Format Type: PDF eBook:
File Size: 1.12 MB
Reproduction Date: 2007

Title:	Proposed Arsenic in Drinking Water Rule Regulatory Impact Analysis
Author:	Bennett, John B.
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Ecology, Natural resource issues, Environemtal protection
Collections:	Environmental Awareness Library Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	United States Environmental Protection Agency


Citation APA MLA Chicago B. Bennet, B. J. (n.d.). Proposed Arsenic in Drinking Water Rule Regulatory Impact Analysis. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Excerpt: 1.1 Regulatory Background An enforceable standard of 50 ?g/L currently exists for arsenic in community water systems under the National Interim Primary Drinking Water Regulations (NPDWR) (40 CFR 59566). In §1412(b)(12)(A) of the SDWA, as amended in 1996, Congress specifically directed EPA to issue a final regulation by January 1, 2001. At the same time, Congress directed EPA to develop a research plan to reduce the uncertainty in assessing health risks from low levels of arsenic by February 2, 1997, and conduct the research in consultation with the National Academy of Sciences, other Federal agencies, and interested public and private entities.

Table of Contents
Contents 1 Executive Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.1 Regulatory Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.2 Health Effects of Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 1.3 Regulatory Alternatives Considered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 1.4 Benefits and Costs of the Proposed Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3 2 Need for the Proposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.2 Public Health Concerns to be Addressed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 2.2.1 Health Effects of Arsenic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-2 2.2.2 Sources and Mechanisms of Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 2.3 Regulatory History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-4 2.4 Rationale for the Regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.4.1 Statutory Authority . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-7 2.4.2 Economic Rationale for Regulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-8 3. Consideration of Regulatory Alternatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.1 Regulatory Approaches . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.1.1 Determining the Standard . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.1.2 Determining the MCLG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.1.3 Determining an MCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 3.1.4 Variances and Exemptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.1.5 Analytic Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-3 3.2 Regulatory Alternatives Considered and Proposed Rule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 3.2.1 Applicability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 3.2.2 MCL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 3.2.3 Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 3.2.4 Compliance Technologies and Variances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 3.2.5 Monitoring Waivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-5 3.2.6 Implementation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6