A Review of the Reference Dose and Reference Concentration Processes

By Mills, Amy

Book Id: WPLBN0000100576
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 2.9 MB
Reproduction Date: 2007

Title:	A Review of the Reference Dose and Reference Concentration Processes
Author:	Mills, Amy
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Ecology, Natural resource issues, Environemtal protection
Collections:	Environmental Awareness Library Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	United States Environmental Protection Agency


Citation APA MLA Chicago Mills, A. (n.d.). A Review of the Reference Dose and Reference Concentration Processes. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Excerpt: LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS (continued) OPPTS Office of Prevention, Pesticides, and Toxic Substances OSWER Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response OW Office of Water P Parental PAD Population adjusted dose PBPK Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model PFC Plaque-forming cell PND Postnatal day POD Point of departure PRA Plasma renin activity RDDR Regional deposited dose ratio RGDR Regional gas dose ratio RfC Reference concentration RfD Reference dose SAB Science Advisory Board SPF Specific pathogen free SRBC Sheep Red Blood Cells TSCA Toxic Substance Control Act TWA Time-weighted average UF Uncertainty factor

Table of Contents
CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vi LIST OF FIGURES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . viii PREFACE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . x EXECUTIVE SUMMARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii 1. INTRODUCTION, PURPOSE, AND SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-1 2. REVIEW OF THE CURRENT USE OF ACUTE, SHORT-TERM, AND LONGER-TERM REFERENCE VALUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.1. REVIEW OF CURRENT LESS-THAN-LIFETIME REFERENCE VALUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.1.1. Acute Reference Exposure (ARE) Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-1 2.1.2. Acute Exposure Guidelines (AEGL) Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-3 2.1.3. Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) Procedures for Setting Acute and Intermediate RfDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-5 2.1.4. Office of Water (OW) Health Advisories (HAs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-6 2.1.5. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Minimal Risk Levels (MRLs) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 2.2. SUMMARY OF CURRENT METHODS FOR SETTING ACUTE, SHORT-TERM, AND LONGER-TERM REFERENCE VALUES . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-9 2.3. RECOMMENDATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2-11 3. REVIEW OF TESTING GUIDELINES WITH RESPECT TO LIFE STAGE ASSESSMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-1 3.1. EVALUATION OF CURRENT GUIDELINE TESTING PROTOCOLS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-2 3.1.1. Exposures and Endpoints Related to General Toxicity Testing . . . . . . . . . . . 3-4 3.1.1.1. Acute and Short-Term Toxicity Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 3.1.1.2. Subchronic and Chronic Toxicity Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-9 3.1.2. Exposures and Endpoints Related to Evaluation of Reproductive Toxicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 3.1.2.1. Overview of Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-10 3.1.2.2. Gaps in Life Stage of Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-13 3.1.2.3. Gaps in Assessment Endpoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14 3.1.2.4. Gaps in Duration/Latency Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-14 3.1.3. Exposures and Endpoints Related to Evaluation of Neurotoxicity . . . . . . . . 3-15 3.1.3.1. Overview of Tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-15