World Health Organization : Year 1996 ; World Health Organization, Global and Integrated Environmental Health, No. 96.5: A Methodology for Estimating Air Pollution Health Effects

By Bart Ostro

Book Id: WPLBN0000134917
Format Type: PDF eBook:
File Size: 1.33 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization : Year 1996 ; World Health Organization, Global and Integrated Environmental Health, No. 96.5: A Methodology for Estimating Air Pollution Health Effects
Author:	Bart Ostro
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago Ostro, B. B. (n.d.). World Health Organization : Year 1996 ; World Health Organization, Global and Integrated Environmental Health, No. 96.5. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
Acknowledgments The author would like to ackowledge the assistance OF Laurie Chestnut of RCGfl-Iagler Bailly Inc., several reviewers who have provided constructive comments during various phases of development ofthis report, Gunnar Eskeland of the World Bank, Tord Kjellstrism and Carlos Corvalin of the World Health Organization, and Kirk Smith of the University of California at Berkeley. A portion ofthe report was undertaken while the author was a Resident Scholar at the Rockefeller Foundation's Bellagio Study Center. The author dedicates this report to the memory of his father who, years ago, provided encouragement and instilled confidence.

Table of Contents
Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v.i.i 11 . Background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1. Section 111 . Methodology. Baseline Assumptions and Data . . . . . . . . . . .2 1 . Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2. 1. a. Development of Dose-Response Functions . . . . . .2 I .b . Determining the Exposed Population . . . . . . . . . . .4 1. c . Relevant Change in Air Pollution . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 2 . Baseline Assumptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6. 3 . Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7. . Section IV . Dose-Response Estimates Utilized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1 . Mortality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7. . 1. a. Acute Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 1. b . Chronic Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 2 . Morbidity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I1 2.a. Respiratory I-Iospital Admissions . . . . . . . . . . . .1 1 2.b. Emergency Room Visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.c. Restricted Activity Days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 2.d. Lower Respiratoty illness in Children . . . . . . . . .1 2 2.c. Asthma exacerbation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 2 2.f. Respiratory Symptoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 3 2.g. Chronic bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 3 2.h. Other (non-quantificd) Health Effects . . . . . . . . . 1 4 Section V . Estimates of Health Effects for Santiago . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 4 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1.7. Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1. . 1 . Respiratory Hospital Admissions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 2 . Emergency Room Visits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .I. 3 . Restricted hctivity Days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2. 4 . Lower Respiratory Illness in Childrcn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 5 . Asthma Attacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3. 6 . Rcspiratoty Symptoms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 7 . Chronic Bronchitis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5.