World Health Organization : Year 1997 ; World Health Organization, Hereditary Disease Program, Nursing-Mid, No. 97.5: Nursing Practice Around the World

By S. A. Bisch

Book Id: WPLBN0000145577
Format Type: PDF eBook
File Size: 8.0 MB
Reproduction Date: 2005

Title:	World Health Organization : Year 1997 ; World Health Organization, Hereditary Disease Program, Nursing-Mid, No. 97.5: Nursing Practice Around the World
Author:	S. A. Bisch
Volume:
Language:	English
Subject:	Health., Public health, Wellness programs
Collections:	Medical Library Collection, World Health Collection
Historic Publication Date:
Publisher:	World Health Organization


Citation APA MLA Chicago Bisch, S. A. (n.d.). World Health Organization : Year 1997 ; World Health Organization, Hereditary Disease Program, Nursing-Mid, No. 97.5. Retrieved from http://gutenberg.cc/

Description
Medical Reference Publication

Excerpt
Executive summary In his welcome to the WHO Expert Committee on Nursing Practice, which met in Geneva from 3 to 10 July 1995, Dr Hu Ching-Li, Assistant Director-General, noted that People are increasingly demanding highquality, accessible and affordable health care, but Responses to growing demands for health care may be constrained by lack of resources for health. Therefore, he concluded, For services to offer the best value for money, the efficient use of resources is essential. Nursing has to be considered alongside the work of other health care professionals and the cost-effectiveness of nursing interventions must be taken into account. This is consistent with The world development reporf 1993 issued by the World Bank in 1993, which suggested that the most efficient way to improve the health of populations is through essential public health services and a package of primary care services, most of which could be delivered by nurses. Clearly, a range of nursing services will be required to respond appropriately to the health needs of all countries. Nurses have roles in acute and rehabilitative care, but they also have a major role in providing the essential health care services of the primary health care approach adopted by WHO in 1978. For nurses to play their appropriate roles in countries at various stages of economic development and with varying health care proble~nsa nd needs, however, there must be a broad understanding of the current nature and scope of nursing practice, the factors that enhance or constrict nursing practice, and the potential for nurses to expand their practice in providing essential health care services.

Table of Contents
Contents Executivesummary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 Nursing practice . an overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Defining nursing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 The nature of nursing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5 Management of health and illness status . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Monitoring and ensuring the quality of health care practices . . . . . 6 Organizational and work role competencies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 The helping function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 The teaching-coaching function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Effective management of rapidly changing sib~ations. . . . . . . . . . . . 7 The global picture of nursing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 Management of health and illness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Monitoring and ensuring the quality of health care practices . . . . 10 Organizational and work role competency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 The helping role . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 3 The teaching-coaching functicn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Effective management of rapidly changng sifxations . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Inconclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 6 Influences on the scope of practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Educationforpractice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Nurses' working conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 Nurses as policy makers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Managementinnursing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 A brief conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 7 Nursing practice in the African Regon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2 9 Nursing personnel and practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 0 Nursing education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Maternal health and quality of life . an illustration of current issues for nursing practice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 4 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3.7 Nursing practice in the Region of the Americas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 0 Levels and categories of nursing personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Where nurses practise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 What nurses do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 3 The level of responsibility and autonomy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 What nurses could/shouId do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 Areas of specialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4